Volume 11, Number 10—October 2005
Dispatch
Drug-resistant Escherichia coli, Rural Idaho
Elizabeth L. Hannah*
, Frederick J. Angulo†, James R. Johnson‡§, Bassam Haddadin*, Jacquelyn Williamson*, and Matthew H. Samore*¶
, Frederick J. Angulo†, James R. Johnson‡§, Bassam Haddadin*, Jacquelyn Williamson*, and Matthew H. Samore*¶Table 2
Comparison of 517 study participants with and without carriage of antimicrobial drug-resistant Escherichia coli, by questionnaire responses and pharmacy data*
| Characteristic | Noncarriers (n = 452), no. (%) | TMP/SMZ resistant (n = 49) |
NA resistant (n = 16) |
||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No. (%) | OR (95% CI) | No. (%) | OR (95% CI) | ||
| Demographic variables | |||||
| Male | 228 (50) | 24 (49) | 1.0 (0.6–1.8) | 9 (56) | 1.1 (0.5–2.4) |
| Income <$35,000/y | 69 (13) | 10 (20) | 1.9 (0.8–4.7) | 1 (6) | 0.8 (0.1–6.7) |
| High school education or less | 149 (33) | 18 (37) | 1.3 (0.6–2.9) | 3 (19) | 0.4 (0.1–2.2) |
| Hispanic ethnicity | 24 (5) | 6 (12) | 2.6 (0.7– 9.3) | 0 (0) | – |
| Age, y | |||||
| <6 | 144 (32) | 16 (33) | Ref | 3 (19) | Ref |
| 7–17 | 71 (16) | 5 (10) | 1.3 (0.6–2.8) | 2 (13) | 1.5 (0.7–3.0) |
| 18–50 | 189 (42) | 22 (45) | 0.8 (0.4–1.5) | 6 (38) | 1.3 (0.4–3.7) |
| >50 | 48 (11) | 6 (12) | 0.9 (0.3–2.6) | 5 (31) | 1.9 (0.3–13.6) |
| Travel/daycare factors | |||||
| Child in daycare/preschool | 79 (18) | 9 (18) | 1.0 (0.5–2.2) | 0 (0) | – |
| Traveled out of United States | 17 (4) | 1 (2) | 0.4 (0.1–1.7) | 4 (25) | 6.0 (0.9–39.9) |
| Dietary factors | |||||
| Ate hamburger, times/week | |||||
| 1–2 | 219 (49) | 23 (47) | 0.6 (0.3–1.2) | 10 (63) | 0.7 (0.2–2.0) |
| >2 | 164 (37) | 14 (29) | 0.6 (0.2–1.3) | 4 (25) | 0.5 (0.2–1.3) |
| Ate chicken, times/week | |||||
| 1–2 | 254 (56) | 23 (47) | 0.6 (0.3–1.2) | 8 (50) | 0.8 0.2–2.6 |
| >2 | 127 (28) | 14 (29) | 0.6 (0.3–1.5) | 7 (44) | 1.3 (0.4–4.1) |
| Household cook | 177 (39) | 21 (44) | 1.0 (0.6–1.7) | 7 (44) | 0.8 (0.4–1.4) |
| Primary grocery shopper | 169 (37) | 20 (41) | 1.0 (0.6–1.6) | 8 (50) | 1.1 (0.6–1.9) |
| Healthcare/antimicrobial drug use | |||||
| Ambulatory visit in past 6 mo | 236 (52) | 22 (45) | 0.8 (0.4–1.3) | 9 (56) | 1.1 (0.5–2.3) |
| Diabetic | 9 (2) | 3 (6) | 2.9 (0.7–11.7) | 1 (6) | 1.5 (0.0–117.4) |
| Hospitalized in past 6 mo | 27 (6) | 3 (6) | 1.0 (0.3–2.5) | 4 (25) | 3.4 (0.5–22.4) |
| Antimicrobial drug use in past 30 d | 209 (46) | 22 (45) | 0.7 (0.2–2.7) | 13 (81) | 2.6 (0.7–9.7) |
| Animal exposure in past month | |||||
| Livestock | 32 (7) | 2 (4) | 0.5 (0.1–2.1) | 1 (6) | 1.6 (0.5–4.9) |
| Cattle | 19 (4) | 2 (4) | 0.8 (0.2–3.4) | 0 (0) | – |
| Horses | 18 (4) | 1 (2) | 0.5 (0.1–4.4) | 1 (6) | 2.3 (0.7–9.6) |
| Household size† | |||||
| <3 | 43 (34) | 10 (29) | Ref | 3 (33) | Ref |
| 3–4 | 48 (38) | 11 (31) | 0.7 (0.3–1.6) | 3 (33) | 1.1 (0.2–5.5) |
| >4 | 35 (28) | 14 (40) | 0.4 (0.2–1.1) | 3 (33) | 0.4 (0.1–3.4) |
| Household antimicrobial drug use in past 30 d | 21 (17) | 5 (14) | 0.6 (0.2–1.9) | 4 (44) | 8.4 (2.4–29.2) |
*TMP/SMZ, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole; NA, nalidixic acid; OR, odds ratio; CI, confidence interval; Ref, referent.
†n = 126 for noncarriers; n = 35 for TMP/SMZ resistant; n = 9 for NA resistant.
