Volume 12, Number 10—October 2006
Perspective
Birds and Influenza H5N1 Virus Movement to and within North America
John H. Rappole*
and Zdenek Hubálek†
and Zdenek Hubálek†Table 1
Geographic spread of highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N1 subtype since 1996
| Date | Event |
|---|---|
| 1996 | 1st isolation; domestic geese, southern China (5) |
| 1997–1998 | Chickens, Hong Kong; 18 humans (6 deaths) (6) |
| 1999 | Geese, Hong Kong (7) |
| 2001 | Geese from China in Vietnam (8) |
| Nov 2002 | Hong Kong poultry, other bird species in or near zoologic parks (7) |
| Feb 2003 | Human travelers from Fujian Province (China) (9) |
| Dec 2003–Nov 2005 | Poultry (mainly chickens) and humans: South Korea, Vietnam, Thailand, Hong Kong, Cambodia, Laos, Indonesia, China, and Malaysia (6) |
| Jan 2004 | Wild birds: Hong Kong (10) |
| Feb 2004 | Birds in a zoo collection: Cambodia (10) |
| Mar 2004 | Wild bird: South Korea (10) |
| Oct 2004 | Bird smuggled from Thailand into Belgium (11) |
| Apr–Jun 2005 | Migratory birds: Qinghai Lake and Xinjiang Province, China (12) |
| Jul–Oct 2005 | Poultry and wild waterfowl: Novosibirsk, Altai, Kurgansk, Omsk, and Tyumen regions, Asian Russia (13,14) |
| Aug 2005 | Geese and other poultry: northern Kazakhstan, Tibet (13) |
| Aug 2005 | Migratory waterfowl: northern Mongolia (15) |
| Aug–Oct 2005 | Poultry and pigeons: Ural Territory, Russia (13) |
| Aug 2005 | Wild waterfowl: Kalmykia, European Russia (13) |
| Oct 2005 | Domestic turkeys: Western Asian turkey (13) |
| Oct–Nov 2005 | Poultry and wild migratory birds: Romania, Ukraine (13) |
| Oct 2005 | Wild birds: Thailand (15) |
| Oct–Nov 2005 | Poultry, wild birds, some humans: 7 Chinese provinces (15) |
| Oct 2005 | Migratory waterfowl: Croatia (13) |
| Oct 2005 | Poultry: Tula and Tambov regions, European Russia (14) |
| Oct 2005 | Quarantined birds from Taiwan in United Kingdom (16) |
| Jan 2006 | Humans: Iraq (15) |
| Jan 2006 | Poultry: Nigeria, India (Maharashtra) (15) |
| Feb 2006 | Migratory waterfowl: Bulgaria, Greece, Italy, Slovenia, Bosnia, Azerbaijan, Iran, Georgia, Germany, Switzerland, Austria, Hungary, France, Croatia, Slovakia, Bosnia (15) |
| Feb 2006 | Poultry: Egypt, Cameroon, Niger, Ethiopia (15) |
| Mar 2006 | Migratory birds: Sweden, Denmark, Serbia, Poland, Czech Republic (15) |
| Mar 2006 | Poultry: Afghanistan, Pakistan, Albania, Israel, Jordan, Lebanon (15) |
| Apr 2006 | Poultry: Burkina Faso, Côte d'Ivoire, Myanmar, Nigeria, Palestinian Autonomous Territories (15) |
| May 2006 | Poultry: Sudan; migratory birds: United Kingdom (15) |
