Volume 13, Number 7—July 2007
Research
Antiretroviral Therapy during Tuberculosis Treatment and Marked Reduction in Death Rate of HIV-Infected Patients, Thailand1
Somsak Akksilp*, Opart Karnkawinpong*, Wanpen Wattanaamornkiat*, Daranee Viriyakitja†, Patama Monkongdee‡, Walya Sitti*, Dhanida Rienthong†, Taweesap Siraprapasiri†‡, Charles D. Wells§, Jordan W. Tappero‡§, and Jay K. Varma†§
Table 1
Characteristics of HIV-infected patients with tuberculosis (TB), Ubon-ratchathani, February 2003 through January 2004
| Characteristic | Patients (N = 329), no. (%) |
|---|---|
| Female | 112 (34) |
| Median age, y (range) | 32 (0.8–68) |
| Type, location of TB | |
| Sputum smear-positive, pulmonary | 120 (36) |
| Sputum smear-negative, pulmonary | 107 (33) |
| Extrapulmonary | 102 (31) |
| Category of TB | |
| New | 307 (93) |
| Treatment after interruption, failure, default, or relapse | 11 (4) |
| Other | 11 (3) |
| HIV status known before TB diagnosis | 225 (68) |
| CD4 count (cells/mm3) | |
| <50 | 95 (29) |
| 50–99 | 39 (12) |
| 100–199 | 36 (11) |
| >200 | 25 (8) |
| Unknown | 134 (41) |
| Received co-trimoxazole during TB treatment | 225 (68) |
| Received antiretroviral therapy (ART) | |
| Before TB diagnosis | 30 (9) |
| During TB treatment | 45 (14) |
| Not prescribed ART | 254 (77) |
| Among patients receiving ART, regimen prescribed (n = 75) | |
| Stavudine/Lamivudine/Nevirapine | 38 (51) |
| Stavudine/Lamivudine/Efavirenz | 35 (47) |
| Other | 2 (2) |
| Treatment outcome | |
| Cured | 61 (19) |
| Completed | 126 (38) |
| Failure | 4 (1) |
| Default | 31 (9) |
| Transfer | 4 (1) |
| Change of diagnosis | 4 (1) |
| Died | 99 (30) |
