TY - JOUR AU - van de Sande-Bruinsma, Nienke AU - Grundmann, Hajo AU - Verloo, Didier AU - Tiemersma, Edine AU - Monen, Jos AU - Goossens, Herman AU - Ferech, Matus T1 - Antimicrobial Drug Use and Resistance in Europe T2 - Emerging Infectious Disease journal PY - 2008 VL - 14 IS - 11 SP - 1722 SN - 1080-6059 AB - Our study confronts the use of antimicrobial agents in ambulatory care with the resistance trends of 2 major pathogens, Streptococcus pneumoniae and Escherichia coli, in 21 European countries in 2000–2005 and explores whether the notion that antimicrobial drug use determines resistance can be supported by surveillance data at national aggregation levels. The data obtained from the European Surveillance of Antimicrobial Consumption and the European Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance System suggest that variation of consumption coincides with the occurrence of resistance at the country level. Linear regression analysis showed that the association between antimicrobial drug use and resistance was specific and robust for 2 of 3 compound pathogen combinations, stable over time, but not sensitive enough to explain all of the observed variations. Ecologic studies based on routine surveillance data indicate a relation between use and resistance and support interventions designed to reduce antimicrobial drug consumption at a national level in Europe. KW - Europe KW - surveillance KW - antimicrobial use KW - antimicrobial resistance KW - penicillin KW - erythromycin KW - fluoroquinolones KW - Streptococcus pneumoniae KW - Escherichia coli KW - research DO - 10.3201/eid1411.070467 UR - https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/eid/article/14/11/07-0467_article ER - End of Reference