Volume 16, Number 3—March 2010
CME ACTIVITY
Extensively Drug-Resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis from Aspirates, Rural South Africa
Scott K. Heysell
, Anthony P. Moll, Neel R. Gandhi, François J. Eksteen, Palav Babaria, Yacoob Coovadia, Lynn Roux, Umesh Lalloo, Gerald Friedland, and N. Sarita Shah
, Anthony P. Moll, Neel R. Gandhi, François J. Eksteen, Palav Babaria, Yacoob Coovadia, Lynn Roux, Umesh Lalloo, Gerald Friedland, and N. Sarita ShahTable 1
Patient characteristics and results of aspirate cultures for Mycobacterium tuberculosis, South Africa, September 1, 2006–December 31, 2008*
| Characteristic | Lymph node | Pleural fluid |
|---|---|---|
| Total no. patients | 34 | 33 |
| Median age, y (IQR) | 31 (25–39) | 33 (28–39) |
| Female sex, no. (%) |
18 (53) |
21 (64) |
| HIV status, no. (%) | ||
| Positive | 30 (88) | 24 (73) |
| Negative | 1 (3) | 1 (3) |
| Unknown |
3 (9) |
8 (24) |
| Median CD4 cells/mm3 (IQR) |
128.5† (84–375) |
207‡ (118–334) |
| Receiving ARVs,§ no. (% of HIV-infected) | ||
| Yes | 14 (47) | 13 (54) |
| No | 13 (43) | 10 (42) |
| Unknown | 3 (10) | 1 (4) |
| Median duration on ARVs, wk (IQR) |
8.4¶ (2.4–21.1) |
10.5# (5.8–55.1) |
| History of prior TB, no. (%) | 8 (24) | 9 (27) |
| Receiving TB treatment,§ no. (%) | 20 (59) | 18 (55) |
| Median duration of TB treatment, wk (IQR) |
12** (4–16) |
6†† (3–14) |
| Positive culture results, no. (%) | ||
| M. tuberculosis | 12 (35) | 9 (27) |
| Drug-susceptible TB, no. (% of M. tuberculosis) | 9 (75) | 3 (33) |
| XDR TB, no. (%) | 1 (8) | 6 (67) |
| Missing drug susceptibility results, no. (%) | 2 (17) | 0 |
| Nontuberculous mycobacteria | 1 (3) | 0 |
| Cryptococcus sp. | 0 | 1 (3) |
| Other bacteria | 2 (6) | 1 (3) |
*IQR, interquartile range; ARVs, antiretroviral drugs; TB, tuberculosis; XDR TB, extensively drug-resistant TB.
†Available for 26 HIV-infected patients, excluding CD4% for 1 infant (36%).
‡Available for 18 HIV-infected patients.
§At time of aspirate collection.
¶Available for 10 of 14 patients receiving ARVs.
#Available in 12 of 13 patients receiving ARVs.
**Available for 9 patients.
††Available for 12 patients.
