Volume 16, Number 5—May 2010

Research

Historical Distribution and Molecular Diversity of Bacillus anthracis, Kazakhstan

Alim M. Aikembayev¹, Larissa Lukhnova, Gulnara Temiraliyeva, Tatyana Meka-Mechenko, Yerlan Pazylov, Sarkis Zakaryan, Georgiy Denissov, W. Ryan Easterday, Matthew N. Van Ert², Paul Keim, Stephen C. Francesconi, Jason K. Blackburn³, Martin Hugh-Jones , and Ted Hadfield

Author affiliations: Kazakhstan Scientific Center for Quarantine and Zoonotic Diseases, Almaty, Kazakhstan (A.M. Aikembayev, L. Lukhnova, G. Temiraliyeva, T. Meka-Mechenko, Y. Pazylov, S. Zakaryan, G. Denissov); Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, Arizona, USA (W.R. Easterday, P. Keim); Midwest Research Institute, Palm Bay, Florida, USA (M.N. Van Ert, T. Hadfield); The Translational Genomics Research Institute, Phoenix, Arizona, USA (P. Keim); Naval Medical Research Center, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA (S.C. Francesconi); California State University, Fullerton, California, USA (J.K. Blackburn); Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA (M. Hugh-Jones);

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Figure 1

Figure 1. Anthrax outbreaks in Kazakhstan, 1937–2005. Each dot represents an outbreak; red dots indicate that cultures were isolated and analyzed from these outbreaks.

Main Article

¹Current affiliation: Republican Sanitary Epidemiologic Station, Almaty, Kasakhstan.

²Current affiliation: VEN Consulting, LLC, Melbourne, Florida, USA.

³Current affiliation: University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA.

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