Volume 16, Number 9—September 2010
CME ACTIVITY
Illicit Drug Use and Risk for USA300 Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Infections with Bacteremia
Kristen M. Kreisel
, J. Kristie Johnson, O. Colin Stine, Michelle D. Shardell, Eli N. Perencevich, Alan J. Lesse, Fred M. Gordin, Michael W. Climo, and Mary-Claire Roghmann
, J. Kristie Johnson, O. Colin Stine, Michelle D. Shardell, Eli N. Perencevich, Alan J. Lesse, Fred M. Gordin, Michael W. Climo, and Mary-Claire RoghmannTable 3
Patient and infection characteristics for 300 veterans with Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia and association with illicit drug use at 4 Veterans Affairs medical centers, USA, 2004–2008*
| Variable |
Used illicit drugs,† n = 22 |
No illicit drug use,† n = 278 |
p value‡ |
|---|---|---|---|
| Patient characteristics | |||
| Age, y, mean ± SD | 51 ± 5 | 69 ± 12 | <0.0001 |
| Sex | |||
| M | 20 (7) | 275 (93) | 0.05 |
| F | 2 (40) | 3 (60) | |
| Race | |||
| Black | 16 (17) | 79 (83) | <0.0001 |
| Other | 6 (3) | 199 (97) | |
| Year of presentation§ | |||
| Late | 10 (6) | 159 (94) | 0.29 |
| Early | 12 (9) | 119 (91) | |
| Charlson score, mean ± SD | 5.4 ± 4.1 | 4.7 ± 2.9 | 0.28 |
| HIV infection | |||
| Yes | 6 (38) | 10 (62) | <0.0001 |
| No | 16 (6) | 268 (94) | |
| History of colonization or infection with MRSA | |||
| Yes | 5 (6) | 75 (94) | 0.66 |
| No | 17 (8) | 203 (92) | |
| Hospitalized in year before infection | |||
| Yes | 15 (8) | 180 (92) | 0.75 |
| No | 7 (7) | 98 (93) | |
| Surgery in year before infection | |||
| Yes | 1 (1) | 108 (99) | <0.0001 |
| No | 21 (11) | 170 (89) | |
| Residence in LTCF in year before infection | |||
| Yes | 3 (9) | 31 (91) | 0.73 |
| No | 19 (7) | 247 (93) | |
| Renal failure in year before infection | |||
| Yes | 14 (8) | 172 (92) | 0.87 |
| No |
8 (7) |
106 (93) |
|
| Infection characteristics | |||
| Nosocomial infection | |||
| Yes | 6 (3) | 166 (97) | 0.003 |
| No | 16 (13) | 112 (87) | |
| Central line at time of infection | |||
| Yes | 5 (6) | 78 (94) | 0.59 |
| No | 17 (8) | 200 (92) | |
| Permanent hardware at time of infection | |||
| Yes | 4 (5) | 84 (95) | 0.33 |
| No | 18 (8) | 194 (92) | |
| Source of infection | |||
| Primary | 10 (8) | 116 (92) | 0.73 |
| Secondary | 12 (7) | 162 (93) | |
| Infection complicated by endocarditis | |||
| Yes | 6 (16) | 32 (84) | 0.04 |
| No | 16 (6) | 242 (94) | |
| Infection complicated by pneumonia | |||
| Yes | 3 (7) | 42 (93) | 1.00 |
| No | 19 (7) | 236 (93) |
*MRSA, methicillin-resistant S. aureus; LTCF, long-term care facility.
†Values are no. (%) except as indicated.
‡Calculated by using Pearson χ2 or Fisher exact tests for categorical variables, Student t test or Wilcoxon signed-rank test for continuous variables.
§Year of presentation stratified into 2 periods: early (January 1, 2004–March 31, 2006) and late (April 1, 2006–June 30, 2008).
