Volume 16, Number 9—September 2010
CME ACTIVITY
Illicit Drug Use and Risk for USA300 Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Infections with Bacteremia
Kristen M. Kreisel
, J. Kristie Johnson, O. Colin Stine, Michelle D. Shardell, Eli N. Perencevich, Alan J. Lesse, Fred M. Gordin, Michael W. Climo, and Mary-Claire Roghmann
, J. Kristie Johnson, O. Colin Stine, Michelle D. Shardell, Eli N. Perencevich, Alan J. Lesse, Fred M. Gordin, Michael W. Climo, and Mary-Claire RoghmannTable 4
Patient and infection characteristics for 300 veterans with Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia and association with USA300 MRSA at 4 Veterans Affairs medical centers, USA, 2004–2008*
| Variable |
USA300 MRSA bacteremia,† n = 67 |
Bacteremia due to all other S. aureus,† n = 233 |
p value‡ |
|---|---|---|---|
| Patient characteristics | |||
| Age, y, mean ± SD | 63 ± 12 | 69 ± 13 | 0.0004 |
| Sex | |||
| M | 65 (22) | 230 (78) | 0.31 |
| F | 2 (40) | 3 (60) | |
| Race | |||
| Black | 34 (36) | 61 (64) | 0.0001 |
| Other | 33 (16) | 172 (84) | |
| Year of presentation§ | |||
| Late | 45 (27) | 124 (73) | 0.04 |
| Early | 22 (17) | 109 (83) | |
| Charlson score, mean ± SD | 5.2 ± 3.6 | 4.6 ± 2.8 | 0.19 |
| HIV infection | |||
| Yes | 5 (31) | 11 (69) | 0.36 |
| No | 62 (22) | 222 (78) | |
| Illicit drug use | |||
| Yes | 13 (59) | 9 (41) | <0.0001 |
| No | 54 (19) | 224 (81) | |
| History of colonization or infection with MRSA* | |||
| Yes | 21 (26) | 59 (74) | 0.33 |
| No | 46 (21) | 174 (79) | |
| Hospitalized in year before infection | |||
| Yes | 40 (21) | 155 (79) | 0.30 |
| No | 27 (26) | 78 (74) | |
| Surgery in year before infection | |||
| Yes | 17 (16) | 92 (84) | 0.03 |
| No | 50 (26) | 141 (74) | |
| Residence in LTCF in year before infection | |||
| Yes | 10 (29) | 24 (71) | 0.29 |
| No | 57 (21) | 209 (79) | |
| Renal failure in year before infection | |||
| Yes | 42 (23) | 144 (77) | 0.90 |
| No |
25 (22) |
89 (78) |
|
| Infection characteristics | |||
| Nosocomial infection | |||
| Yes | 25 (15) | 147 (85) | 0.0002 |
| No | 42 (33) | 86 (67) | |
| Central line at time of infection | |||
| Yes | 11 (13) | 72 (87) | 0.02 |
| No | 56 (26) | 161 (74) | |
| Permanent hardware at time of infection | |||
| Yes | 20 (33) | 68 (77) | 0.92 |
| No | 48 (28) | 126 (72) | |
| Source of infection | |||
| Primary | 19 (15) | 107 (85) | 0.01 |
| Secondary | 48 (28) | 126 (72) | |
| Infection complicated by endocarditis | |||
| Yes | 9 (24) | 29 (76) | 0.83 |
| No | 57 (22) | 201 (78) | |
| Infection complicated by pneumonia | |||
| Yes | 8 (18) | 37 (82) | 0.40 |
| No | 57 (23) | 186 (77) |
*MRSA, methicillin-resistant S. aureus, LTCF, long-term care facility.
†Values are no. (%) except as indicated.
‡Calculated by using Pearson χ2 or Fisher exact tests for categorical variables, Student t test or Wilcoxon signed-rank test for continuous variables.
§Year of presentation stratified into 2 periods: early (January 1, 2004–March 31, 2006) and late (April 1, 2006–June 30, 2008).
