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Volume 17, Number 8—August 2011
Dispatch

Risk Factors for Death from Pandemic (H1N1) 2009, Southern Brazil

Renata T.C. YokotaComments to Author , Lacita M. Skalinski, Cristine N. Igansi, Libia R.O. de Souza, Betine P.M. Iser, Priscilleyne O. Reis, Eliana N.C. Barros, Eduardo M. Macário, Marilina A. Bercini, Tani M.S. Ranieri, and Wildo N. Araújo
Author affiliations: Author affiliations: Ministry of Heath, Brasilia, Brazil (R.T.C. Yokota, L.M. Skalinski, C.N. Igansi, L.R.O. de Souza, B.P.M. Iser, P.O. Reis, E.N.C. Barros, E.M. Macário, W.N. Araújo); Health Secretariat of Rio do Sul State, Porto Alegre, Brazil (M.A. Bercini, T.M.S. Ranieri)

Main Article

Table 2

Characteristics of hospitalized pandemic (H1N1) 2009 case-patients, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, 2009*

Characteristic
Outcome, no. (%) case-patients
Unadjusted
Adjusted†
Died
Survived
OR (95% CI)
p value
OR (95% CI)
p value
Demographic
Male sex 30 (58) 48 (46) 1.6 (0.8–3.2) 0.16 NC NC
Current smoker 15 (30) 19 (21) 1.6 (0.7–3.6) 0.21 NC NC
Former smoker
4 (8)
15 (18)

0.4 (0.1–1.3)
0.13

NC
NC
Underlying medical condition‡ 30 (58) 57 (54) 1.1 (0.6–2.2) 0.69 NC NC
Diabetes 14 (27) 9 (9) 3.9 (1.6–9.8) 0.01 4.4 (1.5–12.8) <0.01
Chronic lung disease 9 (19) 14 (18) 1.1 (0.4–2.7) 0.87 NC NC
Immunosuppression 2 (4) 9 (12) 0.3 (0.1–1.7) 0.14 NC NC
Chronic cardiovascular disease 5 (11) 3 (4) 3.0 (0.7–13.1) 0.13 NC NC
Chronic renal disease 1 (2) 5 (6) 0.3 (0.1–2.8) 0.27 NC NC
Pregnancy§ 5 (28) 10 (24) 1.2 (0.3–4.2) 0.51 NC NC
Age <5 y 2 (4) 14 (13) 0.3 (0.1–1.2) 0.06 NC NC
Age >60 y
4 (8)
3 (3)

2.8 (0.6–13.2)
0.17

NC
NC
Class III obesity¶
26 (57)
27 (29)

5.3 (1.3–21.7)
<0.01

6.2 (1.3–29.2)
0.02
Oseltamivir treatment 25 (48) 64 (61) 0.6 (0.3– 1.2) 0.12 NC NC
Oseltamivir <48 h after symptom onset 2 (12) 12 (19) 0.4 (0.1–1.8) 0.18 NC NC
Steroid treatment 32 (71) 51 (57) 0.5 (0.3–1.2) 0.12 NC NC
Antimicrobial drug treatment 99 (94) 49 (94) 1.0 (0.2–4.1) 0.99 NC NC

*OR, odds ratio; CI, confidence interval; NC, not calculated.
†Adjusted for sex and age group (reference age 0–5 years).
‡Obesity excluded.
§Women of reproductive age included (15–49 years).
¶Class III obesity was a body mass index >40 kg/m2. Patients <19 years of age and pregnant women were excluded.

Main Article

Page created: August 15, 2011
Page updated: August 15, 2011
Page reviewed: August 15, 2011
The conclusions, findings, and opinions expressed by authors contributing to this journal do not necessarily reflect the official position of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, the Public Health Service, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, or the authors' affiliated institutions. Use of trade names is for identification only and does not imply endorsement by any of the groups named above.
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