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Volume 19, Number 9—September 2013
Research

High Rates of Mycobacterium tuberculosis among Socially Marginalized Immigrants in Low-Incidence Area, 1991–2010, Italy

Iacopo BaussanoComments to Author , Silvio Mercadante, Manish Pareek, Ajit Lalvani1, and Massimiliano Bugiani1
Author affiliations: International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France (I. Baussano); UPO “A.Avogadro” and CPO–Piemonte, Novara, Italy (I. Baussano, S. Mercadante); Imperial College, London, UK (M. Pareek, A. Lalvani); Regional Reference Centre for Tuberculosis Prevention, Turin, Italy (M. Bugiani)

Main Article

Table 3

Multivariate model (logistic and Poisson) estimates of the odds and incidence rate ratios for TB, LTBI prevalence, and LTBI conversion*

Variable Odds ratio (95% CI) for prevalence
Incidence rate ratio (95% CI) for TST conversion
TB LTBI
TB incidence rate in the country of origin of the immigrants (per 105 p-y)
<25 1 (reference category) 1 (reference cat) 1 (reference category)†
25–49 2.9 (0.9–9.3) 2.0 (1.6–2.6) 0.5 (0.1–4.1)†
50–99 5.3 (1.6–17.2) 1.6 (1.2–2.1) 0.7 (0.1–6.5)†
100–299 4.9 (1.6–15.2) 2.6 (2.1–3.3) 1.3 (0.2–9.3)†
>300
4.6 (1.4–14.9)
2.2 (1.7–2.9)
1.4 (0.2–11.9)†
Sex
F 1 (reference category) 1 (ref category) 1 (reference category)
M
1.5 (1.3–1.8)
1.1 (1.0–1.2)
0.9 (0.6–1.3)
Time elapsed since immigration, y
<3 1 (reference category) 1 (ref cat) 1 (reference category)
3–6 1.1 (0.9–1.3) 1.1 (1.0–1.2) 0.8 (0.4–1.5)
7–9 1.1 (0.9–1.3) 1.2 (1.1–1.3) 0.5 (0.3–1.0)
>10
0.9 (0.6–1.2)
1.2 (1.1–1.4)
0.4 (0.2–0.9)
Age, y, at test
<20 1 (reference category) 1 (reference category) 1 (reference category)
20–29 1.4 (1.0–2.2) 1.9 (1.7–2.2) 1.0 (0.4–3.0)
30–40 2.4 (1.6–3.5) 3.1 (2.8–3.5) 1.2 (0.4–3.5)
>40 4.3 (2.9–6.4) 3.1 (2.7–3.5) 1.0 (0.3–3.1)

*The effects of the variables reported in the table were mutually adjusted. TB, tuberculosis; LTBI, latent TB infection; p-y, person-years.
†Incidence rate ratio for tuberculin skin test conversion (95% CI): 1.21 (1.07–1.36) for an increase of 50 cases/105 p-y.

Main Article

1Joint senior authors who contributed equally to this article.

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Page updated: August 20, 2013
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