Skip directly to site content Skip directly to page options Skip directly to A-Z link Skip directly to A-Z link Skip directly to A-Z link
Volume 20, Number 5—May 2014
Dispatch

Chronic Wasting Disease Agents in Nonhuman Primates

Brent RaceComments to Author , Kimberly D. Meade-White, Katie Phillips, James Striebel, Richard Race, and Bruce Chesebro
Author affiliations: National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Hamilton, Montana, USA

Main Article

Table 2

Cynomolgus macaques inoculated with CWD or squirrel monkey–adapted CWD agents*

Disease incidence† Inoculum‡ Route of inoculation Titer inoculated§ Screening mpi¶ Current mpi
0/6 MD-1, Elk-1, WTD-1 Intracerebral 3.2 × 105–2.5 × 106 49, 79, 88, 94 124
0/8# MD-1, Elk-1, WTD-1 Oral 2.5 × 108–2 × 109 97,106,106 124
0/2 SM-CWD Intracerebral NA NA 72
0/1 Normal elk Intracerebral NA 96 NA

*An early version of some of these data are shown in Table 3 of (7). CWD, chronic wasting disease; mpi, months post-inoculation; MD, mule deer; WTD, white-tailed deer; SM, squirrel monkey; NA, not applicable.
†Number of monkeys in which prion disease developed over number inoculated.
‡Several different inocula were used for this study. Each individual animal was inoculated with 1 inoculum. Detailed descriptions can be found in (7).
§Infectivity titers were determined by using endpoint dilution titer in transgenic mice expressing deer prion protein (PrPres) and are listed as 50% infectious dose per gram of brain.
¶Several monkeys were euthanized during the course of the experiment for conditions unrelated to prion infection such as diabetes, neoplasia, hypocalcemia, and behavioral issues. Brain, spleen, and lymph nodes from these animals were screened for PrPres by using Western blot and immunohistochemical methods. No PrPres-positive tissues were detected.
#One monkey from the original oral inoculation group was euthanized at 1 mpi because of a colonic torsion and has been removed from this group.

Main Article

References
  1. Saunders  SE, Bartelt-Hunt  SL, Bartz  JC. Occurrence, transmission, and zoonotic potential of chronic wasting disease. Emerg Infect Dis. 2012;18:36976 and. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
  2. Gilch  S, Chitoor  N, Taguchi  Y, Stuart  M, Jewell  JE, Schatzl  HM. Chronic wasting disease. Top Curr Chem. 2011;305:5177 and. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
  3. Kong  Q, Huang  S, Zou  W, Vanegas  D, Wang  M, Wu  D, Chronic wasting disease of elk: transmissibility to humans examined by transgenic mouse models. J Neurosci. 2005;25:79449 and. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
  4. Tamgüney  G, Giles  K, Bouzamondo-Bernstein  E, Bosque  PJ, Miller  MW, Safar  J, Transmission of elk and deer prions to transgenic mice. J Virol. 2006;80:910414 and. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
  5. Sandberg  MK, Al-Doujaily  H, Sigurdson  CJ, Glatzel  M, O'Malley  C, Powell  C, Chronic wasting disease prions are not transmissible to transgenic mice overexpressing human prion protein. J Gen Virol. 2010;91:26517 and. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
  6. Wilson  R, Plinston  C, Hunter  N, Casalone  C, Corona  C, Tagliavini  F, Chronic wasting disease and atypical forms of bovine spongiform encephalopathy and scrapie are not transmissible to mice expressing wild-type levels of human prion protein. J Gen Virol. 2012;93:16249 and. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
  7. Race  B, Meade-White  KD, Miller  MW, Barbian  KD, Rubenstein  R, LaFauci  G, Susceptibilities of nonhuman primates to chronic wasting disease. Emerg Infect Dis. 2009;15:136676 and. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
  8. Lloyd  S, Mead  S, Collinge  J. Genetics of prion disease. Top Curr Chem. 2011;305:122 and. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
  9. Herzog  C, Riviere  J, Lescoutra-Etchegaray  N, Charbonnier  A, Leblanc  V, Sales  N, PrPTSE distribution in a primate model of variant, sporadic, and iatrogenic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease. J Virol. 2005;79:1433945 and. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
  10. Lasmézas  CI, Deslys  JP, Demaimay  R, Adjou  KT, Lamoury  F, Dormont  D, BSE transmission to macaques. Nature. 1996;381:7434 and. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
  11. Ono  F, Terao  K, Tase  N, Hiyaoka  A, Ohyama  A, Tezuka  Y, Experimental transmission of bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) to cynomolgus macaques, a non-human primate. Jpn J Infect Dis. 2011;64:504 .PubMedGoogle Scholar
  12. Brown  P, Gibbs  CJ Jr, Rodgers-Johnson  P, Asher  DM, Sulima  MP, Bacote  A, Human spongiform encephalopathy: the National Institutes of Health series of 300 cases of experimentally transmitted disease. Ann Neurol. 1994;35:51329 and. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
  13. Raymond  GJ, Bossers  A, Raymond  LD, O'Rourke  KI, McHolland  LE, Bryant  PK III, Evidence of a molecular barrier limiting susceptibility of humans, cattle and sheep to chronic wasting disease. EMBO J. 2000;19:442530 and. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
  14. Belay  ED, Maddox  RA, Williams  ES, Miller  MW, Gambetti  P, Schonberger  LB. Chronic wasting disease and potential transmission to humans. Emerg Infect Dis. 2004;10:97784 and. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
  15. MaWhinney S. Pape WJ, Forster JE, Anderson CA, Bosque P, Miller MW. Human prion disease and relative risk associated with chronic wasting disease. Emerg Infect Dis. 2006;12:152735 and. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar

Main Article

Page created: April 17, 2014
Page updated: April 17, 2014
Page reviewed: April 17, 2014
The conclusions, findings, and opinions expressed by authors contributing to this journal do not necessarily reflect the official position of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, the Public Health Service, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, or the authors' affiliated institutions. Use of trade names is for identification only and does not imply endorsement by any of the groups named above.
file_external