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Volume 20, Number 6—June 2014
Research

Characteristics of Patients with Mild to Moderate Primary Pulmonary Coccidioidomycosis

Janis E. BlairComments to Author , Yu-Hui H. Chang, Meng-Ru Cheng, Laszlo T. Vaszar, Holenarasipur R. Vikram, Robert Orenstein, Shimon Kusne, Stanford Ho, Maria T. Seville, and James M. Parish
Author affiliations: Mayo Clinic Hospital, Phoenix, Arizona, USA (J.E. Blair, H.R. Vikram, R. Orenstein, S. Kusne, M.T. Seville); Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, Arizona, USA (Y.-H. H. Chang, M.-R. Cheng, L.T. Vaszar, J.M. Parish); Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, USA (S. Ho)

Main Article

Table 1

Characteristics of 36 patients with primary pulmonary coccidioidomycosis, Arizona, USA, March 1, 2010–October 31, 2012*

Characteristic Total, N = 36 Antifungal treatment
p value
Yes, n = 20 No, n = 16
Sex, no. (%)
M 16 (44) 11 (55) 5 (31) 0.15†
F
20 (56)
9 (45)
11 (69)
0.15†
Age, y, median (range)
53 (21–79)
52 (28–79)
53 (21–68)
0.48‡
Race/ethnicity, no. (%) 0.65†
White 33 (92)§ 18 (90) 15 (94)
Hispanic 1 (3) 1 (5) 0
Asian
2 (6)
1 (5)
1 (6)

Follow-up time, median (IQR), wk
24 (24.0–24.0)
24 (21.5–24.0)
24 (24.0–24.0)

Concurrent illness¶
Rheumatologic, no. (%)# 1 (3) 1 (5) 0 0.35†
Prior remote cancer, no recurrence, no./total (%)#
3/35 (9)
2/19 (11)
1 (6)
0.65†
Employment
Employed at time of coccidioidomycosis, no. (%) 22 (61) 14 (70) 8 (50) 0.22†
Illness resulted in work absences, no. (%) 18/22 (82) 12/14 (86) 6/8 (75) 0.53†
Days absent, median no. (IQR), [range]
10 (5–14) [1–28]
10 (5–15) [2–28]
7 (4–12) [1–13]
0.32‡
School attendance
Attending at time of coccidioidomycosis, no. (%) 3 (8) 2 (10) 1 (6) 0.68
Illness resulted in absences, no./total (%)
1/3 (33)
0
1/1 (100)
0.08
Coccidioidal symptoms, ever present, no. (%)
Fatigue 36 (100) 20 (100) 16 (100) >0.99†
Fever 31 (86) 19 (95) 12 (75) 0.08†
Chills 32 (89) 19 (95) 13 (81) 0.19†
Cough 34 (94) 18 (90) 16 (100) 0.19†
Night sweats 29 (81) 17 (85) 12 (75) 0.45†
Headache 29 (81) 16 (80) 13 (81) 0.93†
Chest pain 25 (69) 15 (75) 10 (62) 0.52†
Arthralgia 25 (69) 13 (65) 12 (75) 0.59†
Rash
23 (64)
12 (60)
11 (69)
0.58†
Coccidioidal symptoms score at enrollment, median (IQR)
5.0 (3.0–7.0)
5.5 (5.0–7.5)
4.0 (3.0–5.0)
0.02‡
Diagnostic test results
Median chest radiograph score at enrollment 2.0 2.0 2.0 0.72‡
Positive serologic results at enrollment, no./total (%)
EIA IgM 34/35 (97) 18/19 (95) 16/16 (100) 0.35†
EIA IgG 26/35 (74) 12/19 (63) 14/16 (88) 0.1†
ID IgM 14/36 (39) 7/20 (35) 7/16 (44) 0.59†
ID IgG 19/35 (53) 10/20 (50) 9/16 (56) 0.71†
Positive IgG by CF 12/32 (38) 6/16 (38) 6/16 (38) >0.99†

*IQR, interquartile range; EIA, enzyme immunoassay; ID, immunodiffusion; CF, complement fixation.
†By χ2 test.
‡By Wilcoxon rank-sum test.
§95% CI for White race was 77.5%–98.2%.
¶No patients had pulmonary, cardiovascular, kidney, or liver disease.
#Patient was not receiving any immunosuppressive treatment or chemotherapy.

Main Article

Page created: May 16, 2014
Page updated: May 16, 2014
Page reviewed: May 16, 2014
The conclusions, findings, and opinions expressed by authors contributing to this journal do not necessarily reflect the official position of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, the Public Health Service, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, or the authors' affiliated institutions. Use of trade names is for identification only and does not imply endorsement by any of the groups named above.
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