TY - JOUR AU - Shaghaghi, Mohammadreza AU - Shahmahmoodi, Shohreh AU - Abolhassani, Hassan AU - Soleyman-jahi, Saeed AU - Parvaneh, Leila AU - Mahmoudi, Sussan AU - Chavoshzadeh, Zahra AU - Yazdani, Reza AU - Zahraei, Seyed Mohsen AU - Ebrahimi, Mohsen AU - Eslamian, Mohammad AU - Tabatabaie, Hamideh AU - Yousefi, Maryam AU - Kandelousi, Yaghoob AU - Oujaghlou, Aliasghar AU - Rezaei, Nima AU - Aghamohammadi, Asghar T1 - Vaccine-Derived Polioviruses and Children with Primary Immunodeficiency, Iran, 1995–2014 T2 - Emerging Infectious Disease journal PY - 2016 VL - 22 IS - 10 SP - 1712 SN - 1080-6059 AB - Widespread use of oral poliovirus vaccine has led to an ≈99.9% decrease in global incidence of poliomyelitis (from ≈350,000 cases in 1988 to 74 cases in 2015) and eradication of wild-type poliovirus serotypes 2 and 3. However, patients with primary immunodeficiency might shed vaccine-derived polioviruses (VDPVs) for an extended period, which could pose a major threat to polio eradication programs. Since 1995, sixteen VDPV populations have been isolated from 14 patients with immunodeficiency in Iran. For these patients, vaccine-associated paralysis, mostly in >1 extremity, was the first manifestation of primary immunodeficiency. Seven patients with humoral immunodeficiency cleared VDPV infection more frequently than did 6 patients with combined immunodeficiencies. Our results raise questions about manifestations of VDPVs in immunodeficient patients and the role of cellular immunity against enterovirus infections. On the basis of an association between VDPVs and immunodeficiency, we advocate screening of patients with primary immunodeficiency for shedding of polioviruses. KW - poliomyelitis KW - polio KW - vaccination KW - poliovirus KW - vaccine-derived poliovirus KW - viruses KW - children KW - primary immunodeficiency KW - Iran DO - 10.3201/eid2210.151071 UR - https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/eid/article/22/10/15-1071_article ER - End of Reference