Volume 7, Number 2—April 2001
THEME ISSUE
4th Decennial International Conference on Nosocomial and Healthcare-Associated Infections
Prevention is Primary
HIV Postexposure Prophylaxis in the 21st Century
David K. Henderson
Table
Clinical trials assessing the efficacy of antiretroviral agents in preventing maternal-fetal transmission of HIV
| Study (ref) | Regimena | Timingb | Outcome |
|---|---|---|---|
| Connor (15) | ZDV | A+L+P | 8.3% vs 25.5% |
| Shaffer (28) | ZDV | A+L | 9.4% vs 18.9% |
| Wiktor (29) | ZDV | A+L | 12.2% vs 21.7% |
| Dabis (30) | ZDV | A+L+P | 18.0% vs 27.5% |
| Wade (31) | ZDV | A+L+P | 6.1% vs 26.6% |
| ZDV | L+P | 10.0% vs 26.6% | |
| ZDV | P (<48 hr) | 9.3% vs 26.6% | |
| ZDV | P (>72 hr) | 18.4% vs 26.6% | |
| Bulterys (22) | ZDV | A+L+P | 8.2% vs 15.5% |
| ZDV | L+P | 8.6% vs 15.5% | |
| ZDV | P | 8.1% vs 15.5% | |
| Saba (23) | ZDV+3TC | A+L+P | 52% reduction |
| ZDV+3TC | L+P | 40% reduction | |
| ZDV+3TC | L | no reduction | |
| Blanche (24) | ZDV+3TC | A+L+P | 2.6% |
| ZDV | A+L+P | 6.5% | |
| Guay (25) | ZDV | L+P | 25.1% |
| NVP | L+P | 13.1% |
aZDV = zidovudine (azidothymidine); 3TC = lamivudine; NVP = nevirapine
bA - Prenatal therapy (usually beginning at 36 weeks); L - Therapy during labor and delivery; P - Postpartum treatment of infant.
