Emerging Infectious Disease ISSN: 1080-6059

Impact of El Niño/Southern Oscillation on Visceral Leishmaniasis, Brazil

Carlos Roberto Franke*, Mario Ziller†, Christoph Staubach†

, and Mojib Latif‡

Author affiliations: *Federal University of Bahia, Bahia, Brazil; †Federal Research Centre for Virus Diseases of Animals, Wusterhausen, Germany; ‡Max-Planck-Institut für Meteorologie, Hamburg, Germany;

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Figure 2

Cross-correlation function between the annual incidences of visceral leishmaniasis from 1985 to 1999 and the 12-month moving average of the mean monthly Niño-3 index (solid line). Broken lines are the corresponding 95% pointwise confidence intervals.

Figure 2. Cross-correlation function between the annual incidences of visceral leishmaniasis from 1985 to 1999 and the 12-month moving average of the mean monthly Niño-3 index (solid line). Broken lines are the corresponding 95% pointwise confidence intervals.

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