Volume 9, Number 9—September 2003
Perspective
Automated, Laboratory-based System Using the Internet for Disease Outbreak Detection, the Netherlands
, Arnold Bosman†, Edward van Straten†, Mark Tinga†, Sandra Chaves†, Liesbeth van Eerden†, and Wilfred van Pelt†Table
List of 40 current surveillance diagnoses generated on ISIS with type of thresholda
| Surveillance diagnosis | Threshold type |
|---|---|
| Adenovirus infection |
H |
| Entamoeba histolytica, intestinal infection |
H |
| Entamoeba histolytica, extraintestinal infection |
H |
| Campylobacter spp. infection |
H |
| Campylobacter jejuni infection |
H |
| Chlamydia trachomatis infection |
H |
| Enterovirus infection |
H |
| E. coli O157 infection |
F (4) |
| Giardia lamblia infection |
H |
| Neisseria gonorroeae infection |
H |
| Haemophilus influenza, invasive infection |
H |
| Hepatitis A virus infection |
H |
| Hepatitis B virus infection |
H |
| Hepatitis C virus infection |
H |
| Bordetella parapertussis infection |
H |
| Bordetella pertussis infection |
H |
| Hantavirus infection |
F (0) |
| Listeria monocytogenes infection |
F0 |
| Malaria Plasmodium spp infection |
H |
| Malaria, Plasmodium ovale infection |
H |
| Malaria, P. malaria infection |
H |
| Malaria, P. falciparum infection |
H |
| Malaria, P. vivax infection |
H |
| Neisseria meningitis, invasive infection |
H |
| Parainfluenza virus infection |
H |
| Salmonella enterica Paratyphii group A infection |
H |
| S. Paratyphii group B infection |
H |
| S. Paratyphii group C infection |
H |
| S. Typhi infection |
F (3) |
| Respiratory syncytial virus infection |
F (10) |
| Rhinovirus infection |
F (10) |
| Salmonella spp. (nontyphoid) infection |
H |
| S. Typhi infection |
H |
| Shigella spp. infection |
F |
| Staphylococcus aureus, invasive infection |
H |
| Streptococcus group A, invasive infection |
H |
| Streptococcus group B, invasive infection |
H |
| Streptococcus pneumoniae infection |
H |
| Yersinia spp., non-pestis |
H |
| Yersinia enterocolitica | H |
aISIS, Infectious Disease Surveillance Information System; H, historical algorithm-defined threshold; F, fixed user-defined threshold (cases/week); F0, zero threshold where one case is signaled.
1Example 1: A surveillance diagnosis for a case of respiratory syncytial virus infection is a positive culture or positive polymerase chain reaction (PCR) or positive direct immunofluorescence or positive enzyme immunoassay, with all positive tests on the same case-patient within a 6-week period reported as one surveillance diagnosis. Example 2: A surveillance diagnosis for a case of invasive Haemophilus influenza infection is a positive culture from a normally sterile site, with all positive results from the same case in 3 months considered one surveillance diagnosis.
