TY - JOUR AU - Vasconcelos, Pedro F.C. AU - Bryant, Juliet AU - Travassos da Rosa, Amelia P.A. AU - Tesh, Robert AU - Rodrigues, Sueli AU - Barrett, Alan D.T. T1 - Genetic Divergence and Dispersal of Yellow Fever Virus, Brazil T2 - Emerging Infectious Disease journal PY - 2004 VL - 10 IS - 9 SP - 1578 SN - 1080-6059 AB - An analysis of 79 yellow fever virus (YFV) isolates collected from 1935 to 2001 in Brazil showed a single genotype (South America I) circulating in the country, with the exception of a single strain from Rondônia, which represented South America genotype II. Brazilian YFV strains have diverged into two clades; an older clade appears to have become extinct and another has become the dominant lineage in recent years. Pairwise nucleotide diversity between strains ranged from 0% to 7.4%, while amino acid divergence ranged from 0% to 4.6%. Phylogenetic analysis indicated traffic of virus variants through large geographic areas and suggested that migration of infected people may be an important mechanism of virus dispersal. Isolation of vaccine virus from a patient with a fatal case suggests that vaccine-related illness may have been misdiagnosed in the past. KW - yellow fever virus KW - Brazil KW - evolution KW - epidemiology KW - enzootic KW - 3′NCR KW - genetic divergence KW - research DO - 10.3201/eid1009.040197 UR - https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/eid/article/10/9/04-0197_article ER - End of Reference