TY - JOUR AU - Erlanger, Tobias E. AU - Weiss, Svenja AU - Keiser, Jennifer AU - Utzinger, Jürg AU - Wiedenmayer, Karin T1 - Past, Present, and Future of Japanese Encephalitis T2 - Emerging Infectious Disease journal PY - 2009 VL - 15 IS - 1 SP - 1 SN - 1080-6059 AB - Japanese encephalitis (JE), a vector-borne viral disease, is endemic to large parts of Asia and the Pacific. An estimated 3 billion people are at risk, and JE has recently spread to new territories. Vaccination programs, increased living standards, and mechanization of agriculture are key factors in the decline in the incidence of this disease in Japan and South Korea. However, transmission of JE is likely to increase in Bangladesh, Cambodia, Indonesia, Laos, Myanmar, North Korea, and Pakistan because of population growth, intensified rice farming, pig rearing, and the lack of vaccination programs and surveillance. On a global scale, however, the incidence of JE may decline as a result of large-scale vaccination programs implemented in China and India. KW - Japanese encephalitis KW - emerging KW - rice farming KW - irrigation KW - pig rearing KW - vaccination program KW - perspective KW - Japan DO - 10.3201/eid1501.080311 UR - https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/eid/article/15/1/08-0311_article ER - End of Reference