TY - JOUR AU - Spijkerman, Judith AU - van Gils, Elske J.M. AU - Veenhoven, Reinier H. AU - Hak, Eelko AU - Yzerman, F. AU - van der Ende, Arie AU - Wijmenga-Monsuur, Alienke J. AU - van den Dobbelsteen, Germie P.J.M. AU - Sanders, Elisabeth A.M. T1 - Carriage of Streptococcus pneumoniae 3 Years after Start of Vaccination Program, the Netherlands T2 - Emerging Infectious Disease journal PY - 2011 VL - 17 IS - 4 SP - 584 SN - 1080-6059 AB - To evaluate the effectiveness of the 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV7) program, we conducted a cross-sectional observational study on nasopharyngeal carriage of Streptococcus pneumoniae 3 years after implementation of the program in the Netherlands. We compared pneumococcal serotypes in 329 prebooster 11-month-old children, 330 fully vaccinated 24-month-old children, and 324 parents with age-matched pre-PCV7 (unvaccinated) controls (ages 12 and 24 months, n = 319 and n = 321, respectively) and 296 of their parents. PCV7 serotype prevalences before and after PCV7 implementation, respectively, were 38% and 8% among 11-month-old children, 36% and 4% among 24-month-old children, and 8% and 1% among parents. Non-PCV7 serotype prevalences were 29% and 39% among 11-month-old children, 30% and 45% among 24-month-old children, and 8% and 15% among parents, respectively; serotypes 11A and 19A were most frequently isolated. PCV7 serotypes were largely replaced by non-PCV7 serotypes. Disappearance of PCV7 serotypes in parents suggests strong transmission reduction through vaccination. KW - Streptococcus pneumoniae KW - nasopharyngeal colonization KW - heptavalent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine KW - infectious disease transmission KW - herd immunity KW - parents KW - infants KW - bacteria KW - research KW - the Netherlands DO - 10.3201/eid1704.101115 UR - https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/eid/article/17/4/10-1115_article ER - End of Reference