TY - JOUR AU - Le, Mai Quynh AU - Lam, Ha Minh AU - Cuong, Vuong Duc AU - Lam, Tommy Tsan-Yuk AU - Halpin, Rebecca A AU - Wentworth, David E AU - Hien, Nguyen Tran AU - Thanh, Le Thi AU - Phuong, Hoang Vu Mai AU - Horby, Peter AU - Boni, Maciej T1 - Migration and Persistence of Human Influenza A Viruses, Vietnam, 2001–2008 T2 - Emerging Infectious Disease journal PY - 2013 VL - 19 IS - 11 SP - 1756 SN - 1080-6059 AB - Understanding global influenza migration and persistence is crucial for vaccine strain selection. Using 240 new human influenza A virus whole genomes collected in Vietnam during 2001–2008, we looked for persistence patterns and migratory connections between Vietnam and other countries. We found that viruses in Vietnam migrate to and from China, Hong Kong, Taiwan, Cambodia, Japan, South Korea, and the United States. We attempted to reduce geographic bias by generating phylogenies subsampled at the year and country levels. However, migration events in these phylogenies were still driven by the presence or absence of sequence data, indicating that an epidemiologic study design that controls for prevalence is required for robust migration analysis. With whole-genome data, most migration events are not detectable from the phylogeny of the hemagglutinin segment alone, although general migratory relationships between Vietnam and other countries are visible in the hemagglutinin phylogeny. It is possible that virus lineages in Vietnam persisted for >1 year. KW - influenza KW - tropics KW - migration KW - persistence KW - phylogeography KW - viruses KW - Vietnam DO - 10.3201/eid1911.130349 UR - https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/eid/article/19/11/13-0349_article ER - End of Reference