TY - JOUR AU - Jaros, Patricia AU - Cookson, Adrian AU - Campbell, Donald AU - Duncan, Gail AU - Prattley, Deborah AU - Carter, Philip AU - Besser, Thomas AU - Shringi, Smriti AU - Hathaway, Steve AU - Marshall, Jonathan AU - French, Nigel T1 - Geographic Divergence of Bovine and Human Shiga Toxin–Producing Escherichia coli O157:H7 Genotypes, New Zealand T2 - Emerging Infectious Disease journal PY - 2014 VL - 20 IS - 12 SP - 1980 SN - 1080-6059 AB - Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) O157:H7 is a zoonotic pathogen of public health concern worldwide. To compare the local and large-scale geographic distributions of genotypes of STEC O157:H7 isolates obtained from various bovine and human sources during 2008–2011, we used pulsed-field gel electrophoresis and Shiga toxin–encoding bacteriophage insertion (SBI) typing. Using multivariate methods, we compared isolates from the North and South Islands of New Zealand with isolates from Australia and the United States. The STEC O157:H7 population structure differed substantially between the 2 islands and showed evidence of finer scale spatial structuring, which is consistent with highly localized transmission rather than disseminated foodborne outbreaks. The distribution of SBI types differed markedly among isolates from New Zealand, Australia, and the United States. Our findings also provide evidence for the historic introduction into New Zealand of a subset of globally circulating STEC O157:H7 strains that have continued to evolve and be transmitted locally between cattle and humans. KW - molecular epidemiology KW - STEC O157:H7 KW - Shiga toxin–producing Escherichia coli O157:H7 KW - genotype KW - Shiga toxin–encoding bacteriophage insertion typing KW - cattle KW - transmission KW - New Zealand KW - geographic divergence KW - population structure KW - proportional similarity index KW - prions and related diseases KW - enteric infections KW - bacteria DO - 10.3201/eid2012.140281 UR - https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/eid/article/20/12/14-0281_article ER - End of Reference