TY - JOUR AU - Falcone, E. Liana AU - Petts, Jennifer AU - Fasano, Mary Beth AU - Ford, Bradley AU - Nauseef, William AU - Neves, João Farela AU - Simões, Maria João AU - Tierce, Millard AU - de la Morena, M. Teresa AU - Greenberg, David AU - Zerbe, Christa AU - Zelazny, Adrian AU - Holland, Steven T1 - Methylotroph Infections and Chronic Granulomatous Disease T2 - Emerging Infectious Disease journal PY - 2016 VL - 22 IS - 3 SP - 404 SN - 1080-6059 AB - Chronic granulomatous disease (CGD) is a primary immunodeficiency caused by a defect in production of phagocyte-derived reactive oxygen species, which leads to recurrent infections with a characteristic group of pathogens not previously known to include methylotrophs. Methylotrophs are versatile environmental bacteria that can use single-carbon organic compounds as their sole source of energy; they rarely cause disease in immunocompetent persons. We have identified 12 infections with methylotrophs (5 reported here, 7 previously reported) in patients with CGD. Methylotrophs identified were Granulibacter bethesdensis (9 cases), Acidomonas methanolica (2 cases), and Methylobacterium lusitanum (1 case). Two patients in Europe died; the other 10, from North and Central America, recovered after prolonged courses of antimicrobial drug therapy and, for some, surgery. Methylotrophs are emerging as disease-causing organisms in patients with CGD. For all patients, sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene was required for correct diagnosis. Geographic origin of the methylotroph strain may affect clinical management and prognosis. KW - chronic granulomatous disease KW - methylotroph KW - Granulibacter bethesdensis KW - Acidomonas methanolica KW - Methylobacterium lusitanum KW - bacteria DO - 10.3201/eid2203.151265 UR - https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/eid/article/22/3/15-1265_article ER - End of Reference