TY - JOUR AU - Gaudino, Maria AU - Aurine, NoƩmie AU - Dumont, Claire AU - Fouret, Julien AU - Ferren, Marion AU - Mathieu, Cyrille AU - Reynard, Olivier AU - Volchkov, Viktor AU - Legras-Lachuer, Catherine AU - Georges-Courbot, Marie-Claude AU - Horvat, Branka T1 - High Pathogenicity of Nipah Virus from Pteropus lylei Fruit Bats, Cambodia T2 - Emerging Infectious Disease journal PY - 2020 VL - 26 IS - 1 SP - 104 SN - 1080-6059 AB - We conducted an in-depth characterization of the Nipah virus (NiV) isolate previously obtained from a Pteropus lylei bat in Cambodia in 2003 (CSUR381). We performed full-genome sequencing and phylogenetic analyses and confirmed CSUR381 is part of the NiV-Malaysia genotype. In vitro studies revealed similar cell permissiveness and replication of CSUR381 (compared with 2 other NiV isolates) in both bat and human cell lines. Sequence alignments indicated conservation of the ephrin-B2 and ephrin-B3 receptor binding sites, the glycosylation site on the G attachment protein, as well as the editing site in phosphoprotein, suggesting production of nonstructural proteins V and W, known to counteract the host innate immunity. In the hamster animal model, CSUR381 induced lethal infections. Altogether, these data suggest that the Cambodia bat-derived NiV isolate has high pathogenic potential and, thus, provide insight for further studies and better risk assessment for future NiV outbreaks in Southeast Asia. KW - Nipah virus KW - henipavirus KW - emerging infection KW - Pteropus bats KW - fruit bats KW - spillover KW - phylogenetic analysis KW - sequencing KW - animal model KW - hamster KW - Cambodia KW - viruses KW - zoonoses KW - pathogenicity KW - Malaysia genotype KW - NiV-Malaysia genotype KW - CSUR381 KW - phosphoprotein KW - Pteropus lylei DO - 10.3201/eid2601.191284 UR - https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/eid/article/26/1/19-1284_article ER - End of Reference