TY - JOUR AU - Jernigan, Daniel B. AU - Raghunathan, Pratima L. AU - Bell, Beth P. AU - Brechner, Ross AU - Bresnitz, Eddy A. AU - Butler, Jay C. AU - Cetron, Marty AU - Cohen, Mitch AU - Doyle, Timothy AU - Fischer, Marc AU - Greene, Carolyn AU - Griffith, Kevin S. AU - Guarner, Jeannette AU - Hadler, James L. AU - Hayslett, James A. AU - Meyer, Richard AU - Petersen, Lyle R. AU - Phillips, Michael AU - Pinner, Robert AU - Popovic, Tanja AU - Quinn, Conrad P. AU - Reefhuis, Jennita AU - Reissman, Dori AU - Rosenstein, Nancy AU - Schuchat, Anne AU - Shieh, Wun-Ju AU - Siegal, Larry AU - Swerdlow, David L. AU - Tenover, Fred AU - Traeger, Marc AU - Ward, John W. AU - Weisfuse, Isaac AU - Wiersma, Steven AU - Yeskey, Kevin AU - Zaki, Sherif AU - Ashford, David A. AU - Perkins, Bradley A. AU - Ostroff, Steve AU - Hughes, James AU - Fleming, David AU - Koplan, Jeffrey P. AU - Gerberding, Julie L. T1 - Investigation of Bioterrorism-Related Anthrax, United States, 2001: Epidemiologic Findings T2 - Emerging Infectious Disease journal PY - 2002 VL - 8 IS - 10 SP - 1019 SN - 1080-6059 AB - In October 2001, the first inhalational anthrax case in the United States since 1976 was identified in a media company worker in Florida. A national investigation was initiated to identify additional cases and determine possible exposures to Bacillus anthracis. Surveillance was enhanced through health-care facilities, laboratories, and other means to identify cases, which were defined as clinically compatible illness with laboratory-confirmed B. anthracis infection. From October 4 to November 20, 2001, 22 cases of anthrax (11 inhalational, 11 cutaneous) were identified; 5 of the inhalational cases were fatal. Twenty (91%) case-patients were either mail handlers or were exposed to worksites where contaminated mail was processed or received. B. anthracis isolates from four powder-containing envelopes, 17 specimens from patients, and 106 environmental samples were indistinguishable by molecular subtyping. Illness and death occurred not only at targeted worksites, but also along the path of mail and in other settings. Continued vigilance for cases is needed among health-care providers and members of the public health and law enforcement communities. KW - United States DO - 10.3201/eid0810.020353 UR - https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/eid/article/8/10/02-0353_article ER - End of Reference