Early Release

Synopses

• Retrospective Analysis of Human Streptococcus suis Infections, South America, 1995–2024
  M. P. Bakpatina-Batako et al.
• Systematic Review of Contact Investigation Costs for Tuberculosis, United States
  G. B. Asay et al.

Research

• Estimation of Incubation Period for Oropouche Virus Disease among Travel-Associated Cases, 2024–2025
  S. J. Guagliardo et al. View Abstract

  Determining the incubation period of Oropouche virus disease can inform clinical and public health practice. We analyzed data from 97 travel-associated cases identified by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (n = 74) or the GeoSentinel Network (n = 13) and 10 cases from published literature. Using log-normal interval-censored survival analysis, we estimated the median incubation period to be 3.2 (95% CI 2.5–3.9) days. Symptoms developed by 1.1 (95% CI 0.6–1.5) days for 5% of patients, 9.7 (95% CI 6.9–12.5) days for 95% of patients, and 15.4 (95% CI 9.6–21.3) days for 99% of patients. The estimated incubation period range of 1–10 days can be used to assess timing and potential source of exposure in patients with Oropouche symptoms. For patients with symptom onset >2 weeks after travel, clinicians and public health responders should consider the possibility of local vectorborne transmission or alternative modes of transmission.

• Outbreak of Sexually Transmitted S. sonnei bla_ctx-m-15 in England - an Epidemiological and Genomic Investigation
  H. Charles et al.
• Persistence of the SARS-CoV-2 Alpha Variant in White-tailed Deer in Northeast Ohio
  N. N. Tarbuck et al.
• Incidence and predictive factors of disseminated histoplasmosis in persons living with HIV in France and its overseas territories, ANRS CO4 FHDH cohort 1992–2021
  M. Nacher et al.
• Emergence of Flucytosine-Resistant Non–Wild-Type Candida tropicalis Clade, the Netherlands
  F. Delma et al.
• Emergence of Distinct Salmonella Enteritidis Lineage since 2020, South Korea
  E. Shin et al.
• Peromyscus Species Deer Mice as Rodent Model of Acute Leptospirosis
  E. J. Putz et al.

Historical Review

• Role of Nonpharmaceutical Interventions during 1918–20 Influenza Pandemic, Alaska, United States
  U. Khakurel et al.

Dispatches

• Human Infections by the Novel Zoonotic Species Corynebacterium silvaticum, Germany
  A. Berger et al.
• Multisystemic Disease and Septicemia Caused by Presumptive Burkholderia pseudomallei in American Quarter Horse
  J. J. Thornton et al.
• Lyme Disease Testing Practices, Wisconsin, USA, 2016–2019
  K. J. Kugeler et al. View Abstract

  Positive laboratory results are increasingly used for Lyme disease surveillance in the United States. We found 6%–15% of persons with a positive test each year tested positive in a prior year; repeat testing frequency increased with patient age. Repeat testing of persons with previous seropositivity could affect surveillance data interpretation.

• Borrelia Lineages Adjacent to Zoonotic Clades in Black Flying Foxes (Pteropus alecto), Australia, 2018–2020
  T. B. Verrett et al. View Abstract

  We explored the role of black flying foxes (Pteropus alecto) in Australia as reservoirs of Borrelia bacteria. We found bats infected with 2 Borrelia haplotypes phylogenetically distinct from Lyme or relapsing fever clades. Efforts to sample black flying foxes and their ectoparasites are needed to evaluate zoonotic potential of those Borrelia lineages.

• Emergence and Prevalence of Vibrio cholerae O1 Sequence Type 75 Clonal Complex Strains, Fujian Province, China, 2009–2023
  Z. Ke et al.
• Detection of Novel Orthobunyavirus Reassortants in Fatal Neurologic Case in Horse and Culicoides Biting Midges, South Africa
  M. Rakaki et al.
• Community Infections Linked with Parvovirus B19 Genomic DNA in Wastewater, Texas, USA, 2023–2024
  A. Zulli et al.
• Evidence of Viremia in Dairy Cows Naturally Infected with Influenza A Virus, California, USA
  J. Lombard et al.

Research Letters

• Fatal Acute Hypoxemic Respiratory Failure Caused by Burkholderia thailandensis, China
  P. Zhang et al. View Abstract

  We report on a patient in China with no underlying illnesses who died of Burkholderia thailandensis infection despite timely treatment. This case challenges the perception that B. thailandensis is nonlethal or has low virulence. Increased clinical awareness and prompt diagnosis are essential for managing B. thailandensis infections and preventing fatal outcomes.

• Genomic Deletion of PfHRP2 and PfHRP3 Antigens in Plasmodium falciparum Strains, Ethiopia, 2009
  T. Woldearegai et al. View Abstract

  Plasmodium falciparum strains lacking P. falciparum histidine-rich protein 2 (PfHRP2) and PfHRP3 threaten malaria rapid test reliability. We show that pfhrp2/pfhrp3–deleted parasites circulated in Ethiopia as early as 2009, before widespread PfHRP2-based rapid test use, and had high pfhrp3 deletion prevalence. Monitoring of pfhrp2 and of pfhrp3 deletions is needed.

• Plasmodium knowlesi Malaria in Persons Returning to Israel from Thailand, 2023
  Y. Paran et al.
• Increasing Predominance of Norovirus GII.17 over GII.4, United States, 2022–2025
  L. Barclay and J. Vinjé

EIN Letter

• Emerging Infections Network Survey of Screening for Cryptococcal Antigenemia, United States, 2024
  K. Benedict et al. View Abstract

  We polled infectious disease specialists about cryptococcal antigen screening for patients initiating HIV antiretroviral therapy. Of 215 respondents, 33% reported typically obtaining screening for patients with CD4 counts <200 cells/mm³ and 63% for counts <100 CD4 cells/mm³. Uncertainty about cryptococcal antigen screening benefits and recommendations suggests opportunities for education and increased screening.

Perspective

• Emergence of Clade Ib Monkeypox Virus—Current State of Evidence
  P. S. Satheshkumar et al.

Dispatch

• Gastric Submucosal Tumor in Patient Infected with Dioctophyme renale, South Korea
  D. Kim et al.