Volume 13, Number 6—June 2007
Research
Risk Factors for Imported Fatal Plasmodium falciparum Malaria, France, 1996–2003
Fabrice Legros*†‡§, Olivier Bouchaud¶, Thierry Ancelle#**, Amandine Arnaud*†, Sandrine Cojean#††, Jacques Le Bras¶#††, Martin Danis*†§‡‡, Arnaud Fontanet§§, Rémy Durand††¶
, Autochthonous Malaria Epidemiology, and for the French National Reference Centers for ImportedChemosensitivity Working Group
, Autochthonous Malaria Epidemiology, and for the French National Reference Centers for ImportedChemosensitivity Working GroupTable 3
Clinical data for 96 patients with fatal malaria, 1996–2003, France
| Clinical data | No. travelers (%) |
|---|---|
| Initial symptoms | |
| Fever | 80 (83.3) |
| Mental status changes | 45 (46.9) |
| Jaundice | 24 (25) |
| Diarrhea | 18 (18.7) |
| Respiratory symptoms | 13 (13.5) |
| Coma | 11 (11.5) |
| Vomiting | 9 (9.4) |
| Convulsions | 6 (6.2) |
| Lethargy | 5 (5.2) |
| Cough | 4 (4.2) |
| Shock syndrome | 4 (4.2) |
| Severity criteria* during clinical course | |
| Renal failure | 70 (72.9) |
| Shock syndrome | 60 (62.5) |
| Cerebral malaria | 55 (57.3) |
| Acute respiratory distress syndrome | 44 (45.8) |
| Acidosis | 36 (37.5) |
| Disseminated intravascular coagulation | 30 (31.2) |
| Pulmonary edema | 12 (12.5) |
| Scleral icterus | 11 (11.5) |
| Convulsions | 9 (9.4) |
| Other conditions | |
| Nosocomial infection | 24 (25) |
| Cardiac failure | 49 (51) |
| Cerebral edema | 10 (10.4) |
*Severity criteria according to World Health Organization, 2000.
