Volume 14, Number 7—July 2008
Dispatch
Anaplasma phagocytophilum Infection in Small Mammal Hosts of Ixodes Ticks, Western United States
Janet E. Foley*
, Nathan C. Nieto*, Jennifer Adjemian*, Haydee Dabritz†, and Richard N. Brown‡
, Nathan C. Nieto*, Jennifer Adjemian*, Haydee Dabritz†, and Richard N. Brown‡Table 1
Seroprevalence and PCR prevalence of Anaplasma phagocytophilum among small mammal species, northern and central coastal California*
| Mammal species | A. phagocytophilum IFA |
A. phagocytophilum msp2 PCR |
|||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Seropositive | Seroprevalence | 95% CI | PCR positive | PCR prevalence | 95% CI | ||
| Clethrionomys californicus | 1 | 12.50 | 0.6–53.3 | 0 | 0 | 0–53.7 | |
| Glaucomys sabrinus | 2 | 14.29 | 2.5–43.9 | 1 | 16.7 | 0.8–63.5 | |
| Mus musculus | 0 | 0.00 | 0–25.3 | 0 | 0 | 0–34.4 | |
| Microtus californicus | 2 | 5.88 | 1.0–21.1 | 0 | 0 | 0–17.8 | |
| Neotoma cinerea | 0 | 0.00 | 0–94.5 | 0 | 0 | 0–94.5 | |
| N. fuscipes | 167 | 50.15 | 44.7–55.6 | 8 | 4.3 | 2.0–8.6 | |
| N. macrotis | 2 | 3.03 | 5.3–11.5 | 1 | 1.8 | 0.09–10.6 | |
| All Neotoma | 169 | 42.25 | 37.4–47.3 | 9 | 3.7 | 1.8–7.1 | |
| Peromyscus boylii | 3 | 8.82 | 2.3–24.8 | 1 | 4.0 | 0.2–22.3 | |
| P. californicus | 2 | 0.67 | 0.1–2.7 | 0 | 0 | 0–3.8 | |
| P. maniculatus | 18 | 3.46 | 2.1–5.5 | 0 | 0 | 0–6.6 | |
| P. truei | 1 | 2.56 | 0.1–15.1 | NT | |||
| Peromyscus spp. | 0 | 0.00 | 0–53.7 | NT | |||
| All Peromyscus | 24 | 2.68 | 1.8–4.0 | 1 | 0.45 | 0.02–2.9 | |
| Rattus rattus | 0 | 0.00 | 0–37 | 0 | 0 | 0–37.1 | |
| Reithrodontomys megalotis | 0 | 0.00 | 0–17.2 | 1 | 6.3 | 0.3–32.3 | |
| Spermophilus beecheyi | 0 | 0.00 | 0–4.2 | 0 | 0 | 0–20.0 | |
| S. lateralis | 2 | 22.22 | 3.9–59.9 | NT | |||
| Sciurus carolinensis | 11 | 57.89 | 34.0–78.9 | 3 | 18.8 | 5.0–46.3 | |
| S. griseus | 34 | 70.83 | 55.7–82.6 | 6 | 15.8 | 6.6–31.9 | |
| S. niger | 1 | 100.00 | 55.0–100.0 | 0 | 0 | 0–94.5 | |
| All Sciurus | 46 | 47.83 | 33.1–62.9 | 9 | 16.4 | 8.2–29.3 | |
| Sorex spp. | 0 | 0.00 | 0–37.0 | 0 | 0 | 0–94.5 | |
| Sylvilagus bachmani | 0 | 0.00 | 0–94.5 | NT | |||
| Tamias amoenus | 6 | 6.82 | 2.8–14.8 | NT | |||
| T. merriami | 0 | 0.00 | 0–48.3 | 0 | 0 | 0–40.2 | |
| T. minimus | 0 | 0.00 | 0–4.9 | NT | |||
| T. senex | 5 | 4.81 | 1.8–11.4 | NT | |||
| T. speciosus | 4 | 33.33 | 11.3–64.6 | NT | |||
| T. sonomae | 1 | 14.29 | 0.7–58.0 | 2 | 50.0 | 15.0–85.0 | |
| T. ochrogenys | 30 | 27.52 | 19.6–37.0 | 2 | 6.9 | 1.2–24.2 | |
| Tamias spp. | 2 | 8.33 | 1.5–28.5 | NT | |||
| All Tamias | 48 | 13.45 | 10.2–17.5 | 4 | 34.0 | 3.2–24.1 | |
| Tamiasciurus douglasii |
6 |
40.00 |
17.5–67.1 |
0 |
0 |
0–60.4 |
|
| Total | 300 | 15.24 | 13.7–16.9 | 33 | 3.8 | 2.9–5.3 | |
*IFA, immunofluorescence assay; CI, confidence interval; NT, not tested.
