Emerging Infectious Disease ISSN: 1080-6059

Unique Pattern of Enzootic Primate Viruses in Gibraltar Macaques

Gregory A. Engel*, Mark Pizarro†, Eric Shaw‡, John Cortes‡, Agustin Fuentes§, Peter Barry¶, Nicholas Lerche¶, Richard Grant*¹, Douglas Cohn#, and Lisa Jones-Engel*

Author affiliations: *University of Washington National Primate Research Center, Seattle, Washington, USA; †Gibraltar Veterinary Clinic, Gibraltar; ‡Gibraltar Ornithological and Natural History Society, Gibraltar; §University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana, USA; ¶University of California, Davis, California, USA; #Albany Medical College, Albany, New York, USA;

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Figure

A) Each year >700,000 tourists visit Gibraltar's Upper Rock Reserve, contributing millions of dollars to the local economy. B) Tourists find Gibraltar' macaques compelling. C) Tour guides use food to entice macaques to perch on visitors, potentially exposing the visitors’ mucous membranes to macaque body fluids, a potential route for cross-species transmission of enzootic macaque viruses.

Figure. A) Each year >700,000 tourists visit Gibraltar's Upper Rock Reserve, contributing millions of dollars to the local economy. B) Tourists find Gibraltar' macaques compelling. C) Tour guides use food to entice macaques to perch on visitors, potentially exposing the visitors’ mucous membranes to macaque body fluids, a potential route for cross-species transmission of enzootic macaque viruses.

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¹Current affiliation: SNBL USA Ltd., Everett, Washington, USA

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