Emerging Infectious Disease ISSN: 1080-6059

Texas Isolates Closely Related to Bacillus anthracis Ames

Leo J. Kenefic, Talima Pearson, Richard T. Okinaka, Wai-Kwan Chung, Tamara Max, Matthew N. Van Ert, Chung K. Marston, Kathy Gutierrez, Amy K. Swinford, Alex R. Hoffmaster, and Paul Keim

Author affiliations: Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, Arizona, USA (L.J. Kenefic, T. Pearson, R.T. Okinaka, W.-K. Chung, T. Max, M.N. Van Ert, P. Keim); Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico, USA (R.T. Okinaka); Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA (C.K. Marston, A. R. Hoffmaster); Texas Veterinary Medical Diagnostic Laboratory, College Station, Texas, USA (K. Gutierrez, A.K. Swinford); Translational Genomics Research Institute, Phoenix, Arizona, USA (P. Keim);

Main Article

Figure

Geographic and phylogenetic relationships among strains closely related to Bacillus anthracis Ames strain. A) Spatial relationships among Ames-like isolates from southern Texas. 1, location of the original Ames strain, isolated from Jim Hogg County, Texas, in 1981; 2, closely related Texas 1997 goat isolate (A0394); 3a and 3b, Texas 2001 isolates; 4 and 5, most recent cases, i.e., Texas 2006 (Kinney County) and Texas 2007 (Uvalde County). B) Genetic relationships among isolates with variable-number tandem-repeat and single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) differences giving rise to that particular branch (arrows). The numbers at each branch terminus correlate with the numbers depicted on the map. SNP states are from ancestral to derived.

Figure. Geographic and phylogenetic relationships among strains closely related to Bacillus anthracis Ames strain. A) Spatial relationships among Ames-like isolates from southern Texas. 1, location of the original Ames strain, isolated from Jim Hogg County, Texas, in 1981; 2, closely related Texas 1997 goat isolate (A0394); 3a and 3b, Texas 2001 isolates; 4 and 5, most recent cases, i.e., Texas 2006 (Kinney County) and Texas 2007 (Uvalde County). B) Genetic relationships among isolates with variable-number tandem-repeat and single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) differences giving rise to that particular branch (arrows). The numbers at each branch terminus correlate with the numbers depicted on the map. SNP states are from ancestral to derived.

Main Article

Top of Page

The opinions expressed by authors contributing to this journal do not necessarily reflect the opinions of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, the Public Health Service, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, or the authors' affiliated institutions. Use of trade names is for identification only and does not imply endorsement by any of the groups named above.