Emerging Infectious Disease ISSN: 1080-6059

New Respiratory Enterovirus and Recombinant Rhinoviruses among Circulating Picornaviruses

Caroline Tapparel¹

, Thomas Junier¹, Daniel Gerlach, Sandra Van Belle, Lara Turin, Samuel Cordey, Kathrin Mühlemann, Nicolas Regamey, John-David Aubert, Paola M. Soccal, Philippe Eigenmann, Evgeny Zdobnov¹, and Laurent Kaiser¹

Author affiliations: University of Geneva Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland (C. Tapparel, S. Van Belle, L. Turin, S. Cordey, P. M. Soccal, P. Eigenmann, L. Kaiser); University of Geneva Medical School, Geneva (C. Tapparel, T. Junier, D. Gerlach, S. Van Belle, L. Turin, S. Cordey, E. Zdobnov, L. Kaiser); Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Geneva (T. Junier, D. Gerlach, E. Zdobnov); University Hospital of Bern, Bern, Switzerland (K. Mühlemann, N. Regamey); University Hospital of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland (J.-D. Aubert); Imperial College London, London, UK (E. Zdobnov); 1These authors contributed equally to this article.

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Figure 1

5′ untranslated region (A), capsid protein VP1 (B), and complete genome (C) phylogeny of the virus clades studied. Trees were produced by condensing the full phylogeny shown in Technical Appendix 2 Figure 1, panels A, B, and D. Human rhinovirus C′ (HRV-C′) includes the divergent rhinoviruses described in 2007 (13) and a related clinical strain (CL-Fnp5). HRV-C includes the new clade described since 2006 (9–14,16). Enterovirus 104 (EV-104) and the related strain CL-1231094 refer to a previously u

Figure 1. 5′ untranslated region (A), capsid protein VP1 (B), and complete genome (C) phylogeny of the virus clades studied. Trees were produced by condensing the full phylogeny shown in Technical Appendix 2 13) and a related clinical strain (CL-Fnp5). HRV-C includes the new clade described since 2006 (9–14,16). Enterovirus 104 (EV-104) and the related strain CL-1231094 refer to a previously unknown enterovirus clade described in this study. In panel C, HRV-C′ is shown in brackets to indicate its expected location (based on VP1 and 3D sequences). Simian picornavirus 1 (SV2) was used as an outgroup. HEV, human enterovirus. Bootstrap support values <50 are not shown in the trees. New viruses are shown in boldface.

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