Emerging Infectious Disease ISSN: 1080-6059

Frequency and Evolution of Azole Resistance in Aspergillus fumigatus Associated with Treatment Failure¹

Susan J. Howard, Dasa Cerar, Michael J. Anderson, Ahmed Albarrag, Matthew C. Fisher, Alessandro C. Pasqualotto, Michel Laverdiere, Maiken C. Arendrup, David S. Perlin, and David W. Denning

Author affiliations: Regional Mycology Laboratory, Manchester, UK (S.J. Howard, D.W. Denning); University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester (S.J. Howard, M.J. Anderson, A. Albarrag, D.W. Denning); University Medical Centre, Ljubljana, Slovenia (D. Cerar); Imperial College, London, UK (M.C. Fisher); Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil (A.C. Pasqualotto); Hôpital Maisonneuve-Rosemont, Montreal, Québec, Canada (M. Laverdiere); Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark (M.C. Ardendrup); Public Health Research Institute, Newark, NJ, USA (D.S. Perlin)

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Figure 2

Unrooted phylogenetic tree showing the genetic relationship of isolates from 7 patients.The genetic relationship of these isolates is shown in relation to each other and to 18 other isolates. AF numbers belong to a collection of >200 isolates, held in Manchester, UK. ATCC, American Type Culture Collection; CBS, Centraalbureau voor Schimmelcultures; FGSC, Fungal Genetics Stock Center. Bootstrap values >90 only are shown. Scale bar indicates nucleotide substitutions per site.

Figure 2. Unrooted phylogenetic tree showing the genetic relationship of isolates from 7 patients.The genetic relationship of these isolates is shown in relation to each other and to 18 other isolates. AF numbers belong to a collection of >200 isolates, held in Manchester, UK. ATCC, American Type Culture Collection; CBS, Centraalbureau voor Schimmelcultures; FGSC, Fungal Genetics Stock Center. Bootstrap values >90 only are shown. Scale bar indicates nucleotide substitutions per site.

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¹These data were presented in part at the 2nd Advances Against Aspergillosis meeting, February 22–26, 2006, Athens, Greece; and 46th Interscience Conference on Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, September 27–30, 2006, San Francisco, CA, USA.

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