Emerging Infectious Disease ISSN: 1080-6059

Influenza Virus Transmission from Horses to Dogs, Australia

Peter D. Kirkland

, Deborah S. Finlaison, Ellie Crispe, and Aeron C. Hurt

Author affiliations: Elizabeth Macarthur Agricultural Institute, Menangle, New South Wales, Australia (P.D. Kirkland, D.S. Finlaison); Warwick Farm Equine Centre, Warwick Farm, New South Wales, Australia (E. Crispe); World Health Organization Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Influenza, North Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (A.C. Hurt)

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Phylogenetic trees of influenza subtype H3N8 viruses showing analyses conducted on A) hemagglutinin genes, B) neuraminidase genes, and C) matrix genes. Sequences from dogs are from the same animal on successive days. Boldface indicates viruses identified in dogs and horses in Australia, 2007, asterisks (*) indicate viruses from horses in Japan, and daggers (†) indicate viruses from dogs in the United States. Bootstrap values >50 are indicated at branch nodes. Bootstrap trials = 1,000; seed =

Figure. Phylogenetic trees of influenza subtype H3N8 viruses showing analyses conducted on A) hemagglutinin genes, B) neuraminidase genes, and C) matrix genes. Sequences from dogs are from the same animal on successive days. Boldface indicates viruses identified in dogs and horses in Australia, 2007, asterisks (*) indicate viruses from horses in Japan, and daggers (†) indicate viruses from dogs in the United States. Bootstrap values >50 are indicated at branch nodes. Bootstrap trials = 1,000; seed = 111.

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