Emerging Infectious Disease ISSN: 1080-6059

Ciprofloxacin-Resistant Salmonella enterica Serotype Typhi, United States, 1999–2008

Felicita Medalla

, Maria Sjölund-Karlsson, Sanghyuk Shin, Emily Harvey, Kevin Joyce, Lisa Theobald, Benjamin L. Nygren, Gary Pecic, Kathryn Gay, Jana Austin, Andrew Stuart, Elizabeth Blanton, Eric D. Mintz, Jean M. Whichard, and Ezra J. Barzilay

Author affiliations: Author affiliations: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA (F. Medalla, M. Sjölund-Karlsson, K. Joyce, L. Theobald, B.L. Nygren, G. Pecic, K. Gay, J. Austin, A. Stuart, E. Blanton, E.D. Mintz, J.M. Whichard, E.J. Barzilay); California Emerging Infections Program, Oakland, California, USA (S. Shin); Massachusetts Department of Public Health, Jamaica Plain, Massachusetts, USA (E. Harvey)

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Figure

Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) XbaI (A) and BlnI (B) patterns of 9 ciprofloxacin-resistant Salmonella enterica serotype Typhi isolates detected in the National Antimicrobial Resistance Monitoring System, 1999–2008. PFGE pattern similarity was assessed by cluster analysis (Dice, UPGMA [unweighted pair group method using arithmetic average]) and band-matching applications of BioNumerics software (Applied Maths, Sint-Martens-Latem, Belgium) and confirmed by visual comparison. PulseNet only

Figure. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) XbaI (A) and BlnI (B) patterns of 9 ciprofloxacin-resistant Salmonella enterica serotype Typhi isolates detected in the National Antimicrobial Resistance Monitoring System, 1999–2008. PFGE pattern similarity was assessed by cluster analysis (Dice, UPGMA [unweighted pair group method using arithmetic average]) and band-matching applications of BioNumerics software (Applied Maths, Sint-Martens-Latem, Belgium) and confirmed by visual comparison. PulseNet only considers band markings found within the scale of the global standard, which are all bands between 20.5 kb and 1,135 kb. The cluster parameters are Dice coefficient and UPGMA with the tolerance of band position of 1.5% and optimization of 1.5%.

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