Emerging Infectious Disease ISSN: 1080-6059

Vaccines for Mucosal Immunity to Combat Emerging Infectious Diseases

Frederik W. van Ginkel

, Huan H. Nguyen, and Jerry R. McGhee

Author affiliations: The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA

Figure 1

M cells and the induction of mucosal immunity. M cells are present in mucosal inductive sites in both the intestinal and upper respiratory tract, specifically in Peyers patches and the nasal-associated lymphoid tissue, the tonsils and adenoids. M cells are thought to play an important role in antigen processing and possibly the induction of antigen-specific mucosal immunity in mucosal effector sites. Sites followed by question marks are presumed sites since limited data are available on these si

Figure 1. M cells and the induction of mucosal immunity. M cells are present in mucosal inductive sites in both the intestinal and upper respiratory tract, specifically in Peyers patches and the nasal-associated lymphoid tissue, the tonsils and adenoids. M cells are thought to play an important role in antigen processing and possibly the induction of antigen-specific mucosal immunity in mucosal effector sites. Sites followed by question marks are presumed sites since limited data are available on these sites.

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