Volume 9, Number 1—January 2003
Perspective
Maintaining Fluoroquinolone Class Efficacy: Review of Influencing Factors
W. Michael Scheld*
Table 5
Risk factors for infection or colonization with fluoroquinolone-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniaea
| Factor | Case patients (n=27) | Control patients (n=54) | Odds ratio (95% CI) | p value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (yr)b |
72.5
(62.3–78.3) |
75 (70–85) |
– |
0.01 |
|
| Nursing home residence |
14 (52%) |
7 (13%) |
7.2 (2.4 to 21.6) |
<> |
|
| COPD |
17 (63%)c |
12 (22%) |
5.9 (2.2 to 16.3) |
0.001 |
|
| Nosocomial
origin |
18 (66%) |
14 (26%) |
5.7 (2.1 to 15.6) |
0.001 |
|
| Interval from day of admission to isolation of LRSP (days)b |
7 (1–20) |
1 (1–3) |
- |
<> |
|
| No. of prior
admissionsb |
4 (2–7) |
1 (0–3) |
- |
<> |
|
| Recent hospitalization |
16 (59%) |
13 (24%) |
4.6 (1.7 to 12.3) |
0.003 |
|
| Multiple hospitalization |
15 (56%) |
12 (22%) |
4.4 (1.6 to 11.8) |
0.004 |
|
| Previous exposure to antimicrobial agentsd |
|||||
| Fluoroquinolones |
8 (30%)/14 (52%) |
0 (0%)/5 (9%) |
―/10.6 (3.2 to 34.7) |
<0.001><> |
|
| β-lactam antibiotics | 24 (89%)/25 (93%) | 20 (37%)/32 (59%): | 14.7 (3.9 to 55.4)/8.6 (1.8 to 40) | <0.001> | |
aCI, confidence interval; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; LRSP, levofloxacin-resistant S. pneumoniae (73).
bMedian (interquartile range).
cColonization in 3 patients.
dExposure to antimicrobial therapy during the 6 weeks prior to hospitalization/12 months before hospitalization.
