Volume 10, Number 4—April 2004
Synopsis
Pediatric Influenza Prevention and Control
Nicola Principi*
and Susanna Esposito*
and Susanna Esposito*Table 2
Respiratory illness among children with recurrent respiratory tract infections and effectiveness of the influenza vaccine during the follow-up perioda
| Event | Vaccinated children, n = 64)b | Controls, n = 63b | Vaccine effectiveness, %c | p value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| No. of upper respiratory tract infections |
2.95 ± 1.33 (3) |
4.06 ± 2.13 (4) |
27 |
<0.0001 |
| No. of lower respiratory tract infections |
0.67 ± 0.88 (0) |
1.01 ± 1.12 (1) |
33 |
0.03 |
| No. of febrile respiratory illnesses |
1.60 ± 1.39 (1) |
2.06 ± 2.14 (2) |
23 |
0.02 |
| No. of hospitalizations |
0.05 ± 0.10 (0) |
0.10 ± 0.25 (0) |
60 |
0.34 |
| No. of antimicrobial prescriptions |
1.31 ± 1.33 (1) |
2.35 ± 1.59 (2) |
44 |
<0.0001 |
| No. of antipyretic prescriptions |
2.16 ± 2.03 (2) |
3.98 ± 2.37 (4) |
45 |
<0.0001 |
| Missed school days | 5.35 ± 8.14 (6) | 13.83 ±12.50 (10) | 61 | <0.0001 |
aModified from S. Esposito et al. (14).
bMean values ± standard deviation (median in parentheses).
cVaccine effectiveness: 1 minus attack rate (defined as rate of illness divided by total population) among vaccinated children divided by attack rate among controls.
