Emerging Infectious Disease ISSN: 1080-6059

Evolutionary Relationships between Bat Coronaviruses and Their Hosts

Jie Cui*†¹, Naijian Han‡¹, Daniel Streicker§, Gang Li‡, Xianchun Tang*, Zhengli Shi¶, Zhihong Hu¶, Guoping Zhao#, Arnaud Fontanet**, Yi Guan††, Linfa Wang‡‡, Gareth Jones§§, Hume E. Field¶¶, Shuyi Zhang*

, and Peter Daszak##

Author affiliations: *East China Normal University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China; †Hebei Normal University, Hebei, People’s Republic of China; ‡Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People’s Republic of China; §University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA;; ¶Wuhan Institute of Virology, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China; #Shanghai Institutes of Biological Sciences, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China; **Insitut Pasteur, Paris, France; ††University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People’s Republic of China; ‡‡Australian Animal Health Laboratory, Geelong, Victoria, Australia; §§University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom; ¶¶Department of Primary Industries and Fisheries, Yeerongpilly, Queensland, Australia; ##Consortium for Conservation Medicine, New York, New York, USA;

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Figure 4

Phylogenetic relationships between coronaviruses (CoVs) (left) and bats (right) in the A) Vespertilionidae and B) Rhinolophidae. Abbreviations on both sides denote viruses harbored by bats (marked as V on the left) and bats (marked as B on the right). Mm, Miniopterus magnater; Sk, Scotophilus kuhlii; Mr, Myotis ricketti; Tp, Tylonycteris pachypus; Pp, Pipistrellus pipistrellus; Pa, P. abramus; Rs, Rhinolophus sinicus; Rf, R. ferrumequinum; Rp, R. pearsoni; Rm, R. macrotis. Boldface branches in panel B contain severe acute respiratory syndrome–like CoVs reported. Lines between bat and virus trees were added to help visualize congruence or incongruence. Although this figure implies differences in propensity for host shifts between these families, all but 1 of the vespertilionid CoVs are from different genera, whereas all rhinolophid CoVs are from the same genera, which make meaningful comparisons difficult. Overall mean genetic differences are much greater between vespertilionid species than between rhinolophid species.

Figure 4. Phylogenetic relationships between coronaviruses (CoVs) (left) and bats (right) in the A) Vespertilionidae and B) Rhinolophidae. Abbreviations on both sides denote viruses harbored by bats (marked as V on the left) and bats (marked as B on the right). Mm, Miniopterus magnater; Sk, Scotophilus kuhlii; Mr, Myotis ricketti; Tp, Tylonycteris pachypus; Pp, Pipistrellus pipistrellus; Pa, P. abramus; Rs, Rhinolophus sinicus; Rf, R. ferrumequinum; Rp, R. pearsoni; Rm, R. macrotis. Boldface branches in panel B contain severe acute respiratory syndrome–like CoVs reported. Lines between bat and virus trees were added to help visualize congruence or incongruence. Although this figure implies differences in propensity for host shifts between these families, all but 1 of the vespertilionid CoVs are from different genera, whereas all rhinolophid CoVs are from the same genera, which make meaningful comparisons difficult. Overall mean genetic differences are much greater between vespertilionid species than between rhinolophid species.

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¹These authors contributed equally to this study.

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