Volume 13, Number 12—December 2007
Research
Invasive Group A Streptococcal Infection in Older Adults in Long-term Care Facilities and the Community, United States, 1998–20031
Table 5
Results of multivariate logistic regression analysis of factors associated with death from invasive group A streptococcal infection among case-patients >65 y of age, ABCs areas, 1998–2003*
| Characteristic | Adjusted odds ratio (95% CI) |
|---|---|
| Age group, y | |
| >85 | 1.4 (0.9–2.1) |
| 75–84 | 1.2 (0.8–1.8) |
| 65–74 | Reference |
| Race | |
| Black | 0.8 (0.5–1.2) |
| Other than black |
Reference |
| Residence | |
| Long-term care facility | 1.6 (1.1–2.2) |
| Community | Reference |
| Hospitalized | |
| Hospitalized | 0.5 (0.3–0.9) |
| Not hospitalized |
Reference |
| Syndrome | |
| Bacteremia without focus | 2.6 (1.7–3.8) |
| Pneumonia | 3.7 (2.4–5.8) |
| Necrotizing fasciitis | 3.6 (1.7–7.4) |
| STSS | 11.1 (6.4–19.3) |
| Other syndrome |
Reference |
| emm type | |
| emm1 | 2.3 (1.4–3.6) |
| emm3 | 1.9 (1.1–3.1) |
| emm4 | 1.7 (0.6–4.5) |
| emm6 | 0.6 (0.2–2.1) |
| emm11 | 0.4 (0.1–2.0) |
| emm12 | 1.9 (1.1–3.4) |
| emm18 | 1.3 (0.5–3.9) |
| emm28 | 0.9 (0.5–1.7) |
| emm77 | 1.3 (0.5–3.4) |
| emm89 | 1.5 (0.8–3.0) |
| Other emm types |
Reference |
| Sex and history of CHF† | |
| Females with CHF | 2.4 (1.5–3.8) |
| Females without CHF | 0.9 (0.7–1.4) |
| Males with CHF | 1.2 (0.7–2.0) |
| Males without CHF | Reference |
*ABCs, Active Bacterial Core Surveillance; CI, confidence interval; STSS, streptococcal toxic shock syndrome; CHF, congestive heart failure. A total of 1,140 case-patients with complete data were included in the final model. Significant results are shown in boldface.
†Interaction between sex and history of CHF.


