Emerging Infectious Disease ISSN: 1080-6059

Plague and the Human Flea, Tanzania

Anne Laudisoit*†

, Herwig Leirs*‡, Rhodes H. Makundi§, Stefan Van Dongen*, Stephen Davis*, Simon Neerinckx*¶, Jozef Deckers¶, and Roland Libois†

Author affiliations: *University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium; †University of Liège, Liège (Sart Tilman), Belgium; ‡University of Aarhus, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark; §Sokoine University of Agriculture, Morogoro, Tanzania; ¶Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium;

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Figure 2

Monthly domestic Pulex irritans index, averaged for low plague frequency villages (black columns) and high plague frequency villages (white columns). The error bars indicate standard deviation from the mean. No data were available for high plague frequency villages in June 2005 or for low plague frequency villages in July 2005.

Figure 2. Monthly domestic Pulex irritans index, averaged for low plague frequency villages (black columns) and high plague frequency villages (white columns). The error bars indicate standard deviation from the mean. No data were available for high plague frequency villages in June 2005 or for low plague frequency villages in July 2005.

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