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Volume 14, Number 11—November 2008
Research

Multidrug- and Extensively Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis, Germany

Barbara Eker, Johannes Ortmann, Giovanni B. Migliori, Giovanni Sotgiu, Ralf Muetterlein, Rosella Centis, Harald Hoffmann, Detlef Kirsten, Tom Schaberg, Sabine Ruesch-Gerdes, Christoph LangeComments to Author , and for the German TBNET Group
Author affiliations: Research Center Borstel, Borstel, Germany (B. Eker, S. Ruesch-Gerdes, C. Lange); Karl-Hansen-Clinic, Bad Lippspringe, Germany (J. Ortmann); World Health Organization Collaborating Center for TB and Lung Diseases, Tradate, Italy (G.B. Migliori, R. Centis); Sassari University, Sassari, Italy (G. Sotgiu); Regional Hospital, Pasberg, Germany (R. Muetterlein); Asklepios-Hospital, Gauting, Germany (H. Hoffmann); Hospital Großhansdorf, Großhansdorf, Germany (D. Kirsten); Deakoness Hospital, Rotenburg, Germany (T. Schaberg);

Main Article

Table 1

Demographic and clinical characteristics of 184 patients with MDR TB and XDR TB, Germany*

Variables MDR TB, 
n = 177 XDR TB, 
n = 7 p value 95% CI
Male gender, no. (%) 133 (75.1) 6 (85.7) 0.54 –0.37 to 0.17
Age, y, mean ± SD
37.7 ± 15.4
42.4 ± 11.9
0.42
–16.33 to 6.93
Country of birth, no. (%)
Former Soviet Union 142 (80.2) 6 (85.7) 0.74 –0.32 to 0.22
Germany 11 (6.2)
Others
24 (13.6)
1 (14.3)
0.93
–0.27 to 0.25
HIV positive, no. (%)
7/142 (4.9)
0
0.54
0.01 to 0.08
Kind of TB, no. (%)
Pulmonary TB 162 (91.5) 6 (85.7) 0.59 –0.2 to 0.32
Extrapulmonary TB 5 (2.9)
Pulmonary and extrapulmonary TB
10 (5.6)
1 (14.3)
0.29
–0.34 to 0.16
Days in hospital, mean ± SD 123.3 ± 81 202 ± 130 0.015† –141.8 to –15.53
Previous TB treatment, no. (%) 94 (53) 6 (86) 0.08 –0.59 to 0.06
Resistance to all first-line drugs, no. (%) 64 (36) 6 (85.7) 0.008 –0.76 to –0.21
Resistance to fluoroquinolones, no. (%) 13/162 (8) 7 (100) <0.001† –0.96 to –0.87
Resistance to injectable second-line drugs, no. (%) 21/164 (12.8) 7 (100) <0.001† –0.92 to –0.83
Linezolid treatment, no. (%)
69 (39)
5 (71.4)
0.09
–0.66 to 0.02
Treatment outcome, no. (%)
Cured 79 (44.6) 3 (42.8) 0.91 –0.35 to 0.39
Completed 26 (14.7) 1 (14.3) 1 –0.26 to 0.26
Successful treatment (cured + completed) 105 (59.3) 4 (57.1) 0.91 –0.35 to 0.39
Died 14 (7.9) 1 (14.3) 0.4 –0.32 to 0.18
Failure 1 (0.6)
Treatment failure (death or failure) 15 (8.4) 1 (14.3) 0.57 –0.32 to 0.2
Default 1 (0.6)
Transferred out 25 (14.1)
Uncertain outcome (default + transferred out) 26 (14.7)
Still on treatment
31 (17.5)
2 (28.6)
0.45
–0.44 to 0.22
Duration of therapy from beginning MDR treatment, mo, mean ± SD
18 ± 9
20 ± 5
0.56
–8.78 to 4.78
Sputum smear conversion, no. (%) 98 (55.4) 5 (71.4) 0.4 –0.5 to 0.18
Culture conversion, no. (%) 132 (74.6) 5 (71.4) 0.85 –0.31 to 0.37
Sputum smear conversion, d, mean ± SD 69.4 ± 76 129.8 ± 129.2 0.09 –132 to 11.2
Culture conversion, d, mean ± SD 81.3 ± 74.6 141 ± 99.7 0.08 –127.6 to 8.2

*MDR, multidrug-resistant; TB, tuberculosis; XDR, extensively drug-resistant; CI, confidence interval.
†Significant result (p<0.05).

Main Article

1Additional German Tuberculosis Network European Trials group (TBNET) contributors: R. Eberhardt, Thorax-Clinic-Heidelberg, Heidelberg; A. Esselmann, Pulmonary Clinic, Hemer; H. Flick, Charité, Berlin; M. Hamm, Hospital Diekholzen, Diekholzen; P. Hammerl, Hospital Immenhausen, Immenhausen; H. Hang, Hospital Schillerhöhe, Schillerhöhe; P. Hannemann, Deakoness Hospital, Neustadt; D. Hillemann, Research Center Borstel, Borstel; B. Kretz, Asklepios Hospital, Gauting; C. Laumanns, Bethania Hospital, Solingen; G. Liebetrau, Lostau Hospital, Lostau; S. Ott, Helios Clinic Emil von Behring, Berlin; A. Paulick, Pulmonary Clinic-Coswig, Coswig; M.W. Pletz, Hannover Medical School, Hannover; M. Rau, Pulmonary Clinic, Wangen; G. Rohde, Bergmannsheil Hospital, Bochum; A. de Roux, Evangelische Lungenklinik, Berlin; C. Schaudt, Hospital St. Blasien, St. Blasien; K-D.Schneider, Pulmonary Clinic, Hannover-East, Hannover; S. Stenger, University Hospital, Ulm; D. Wagner, University Hospital, Freiburg; and T. Wolf, University Hospital, Frankfurt.

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