Volume 15, Number 2—February 2009
Research
Causes of Death in HIV-infected Persons Who Have Tuberculosis, Thailand
Kevin P. Cain
, Thanomsak Anekthananon, Channawong Burapat, Somsak Akksilp, Wiroj Mankhatitham, Chawin Srinak, Sriprapa Nateniyom, Wanchai Sattayawuthipong, Theerawit Tasaneeyapan, and Jay K. Varma
, Thanomsak Anekthananon, Channawong Burapat, Somsak Akksilp, Wiroj Mankhatitham, Chawin Srinak, Sriprapa Nateniyom, Wanchai Sattayawuthipong, Theerawit Tasaneeyapan, and Jay K. VarmaTable 2
Causes of death for all enrolled patients who died (N = 142), Thailand, 2005–2007*
| Cause of death | No. (%) patients |
|---|---|
| TB | 38 (27) |
| Disseminated TB (3 with MDR TB) | 20 (53) |
| Central nervous system TB (1 with MDR TB) | 7 (18) |
| Pulmonary TB (2 with MDR TB) | 10 (26) |
| Peritoneal TB |
1 (3) |
| HIV-associated condition | 50 (35) |
| Bacterial infection | 6 (12) |
| Cerebral toxoplasmosis | 4 (8) |
| Disseminated CMV | 1 (2) |
| Fungal infection (other than PCP) | 8 (16) |
| Liver disease | 1 (2) |
| Nontuberculous mycobacteria | 10 (20) |
| PCP | 7 (14) |
| Other infectious cause | 5 (10) |
| Other noninfectious cause | 1 (2) |
| Unknown |
7 (14) |
| TB or HIV-associated condition equally likely | 32 (23) |
| Disseminated mycobacterial disease (TB vs. NTM) | 6 (19) |
| Liver disease | 1 (3) |
| Other infectious cause | 3 (9) |
| Other noninfectious cause | 1 (3) |
| Unknown |
21 (66) |
| Non-TB/HIV–associated condition | 22 (15) |
| Bacterial infection | 1 (5) |
| Liver disease | 11 (50) |
| Stevens-Johnson syndrome | 2 (9) |
| Other infectious cause | 1 (5) |
| Other noninfectious cause | 6 (27) |
| Unknown | 1 (5) |
*TB, tuberculosis; MDR TB, multidrug-resistant TB; CMV, cytomegalovirus; PCP, Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia; NTM, nontuberculous mycobacteria.
