Volume 15, Number 3—March 2009
Research
Sources of Hepatitis E Virus Genotype 3 in the Netherlands
Saskia A. Rutjes
, Willemijn J. Lodder, Froukje Lodder-Verschoor, Harold H.J.L. van den Berg, Harry Vennema, Erwin Duizer, Marion Koopmans, and Ana Maria de Roda Husman
, Willemijn J. Lodder, Froukje Lodder-Verschoor, Harold H.J.L. van den Berg, Harry Vennema, Erwin Duizer, Marion Koopmans, and Ana Maria de Roda HusmanTable 1
Detection of hepatitis E virus RNA by RT-PCR for the ORF2 region of the genome in environmental samples, the Netherlands*
| Source | Origin | Sample type | Sampling year | Matrix | No. samples | ORF2 (nt 6298–6494)† |
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No. (%) PCR positive | Sequence | ||||||
| Pig | Pig farm | Pooled | 2005 | Feces | 97 | 51 (53) | 36‡ |
| Individual | 2002 | Feces | 2 | 2 (100) | 2 | ||
| Slaughterhouse | Individual | 2006 | Feces | 50 | 7 (14) | 7 | |
| Butcher shop/ supermarket§ | Individual | 2005 | Liver | 62 | 4 (6) | 3 | |
| Wild boar | National Park | Individual | 2005 | Feces | 26 | 1 (4) | 1 |
| Muskrat | Southeast | Individual | 1998–1999 | Feces | 150 | 0 | 0 |
| Water | Meuse River | Filtered | 2004–2005 | Concentrate | 12 | 2 (17) | 2 |
*RT-PCR, reverse transcription–PCR; ORF, open reading frame.
†Position in Burmese hepatitis E virus strain (GenBank accession no. M73218).
‡Obtained by direct sequencing.
§Obtained from Bouwknegt et al. (28).
