Volume 15, Number 6—June 2009
Research
Changes in Fluoroquinolone-Resistant Streptococcus pneumonia after 7-Valent Conjugate Vaccination, Spain
Adela G. de la Campa
, Carmen Ardanuy, Luz Balsalobre, Emilio Pérez-Trallero, Jose M. Marimón, Asunción Fenoll, and Josefina Liñares
, Carmen Ardanuy, Luz Balsalobre, Emilio Pérez-Trallero, Jose M. Marimón, Asunción Fenoll, and Josefina LiñaresTable 1
Comparison of 2 surveillance studies on ciprofloxacin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates in Spain, 2002 and 2006*
| Characteristic | No. ciproflaxin resistant/no. isolates (%) |
p value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2002 | 2006 | ||
| Ciproflaxin resistance | |||
| Global | 75/2,882 (2.6) | 98/4,215 (2.3) | NS |
| Low-level (MICs 4–8 μg/mL) | 14/75 (18.7) | 30/98 (30.6) | NS |
| High-level (MICs >16 μg/mL) | 61/75 (81.3) | 68/98 (69.4) | NS |
| In persons <15 years of age | 0/978 (0) | 2/1,446 (0.14) | NS |
| In persons 15–64 years of age | 22/1,166 (1.9) | 34/1,455 (2.3) | NS |
| In persons >64 years of age | 53/738 (7.2) | 62/1,314 (4.7) | 0.02 |
| PCV7 serotypes |
49/75 (65.3) |
35/98 (35.7) |
<0.001 |
| Other antimicrobial drug resistance | No. resistant/no. ciproflaxin-resistant isolates (%) | ||
| Penicillin MIC >0.12 μg/mL | 55/75 (73.3) | 44/98 (44.9) | <0.001 |
| Erythromycin MIC >0.5 μg/mL | 53/75 (70.7) | 53/98 (54.1) | 0.03 |
| Clindamycin MIC >1 μg/mL | 47/75 (62.7) | 45/98 (45.9) | 0.03 |
| Chloramphenicol MIC >8 μg/mL | 33/75 (44.0) | 11/98 (11.2) | <0.001 |
| Tetracycline MIC >4 μg/mL | 52/75 (69.3) | 39/98 (39.8) | <0.001 |
| Cotrimoxazole MIC >4/76 μg/mL† |
51/75 (68.0) |
47/98 (47.8) |
0.008 |
| Multidrug resistance (>3 drugs) | 55/75 (73.3) | 48/98 (49.0) | <0.001 |
*NS, not significant; PCV7, 7-valent conjugate pneumococcal vaccine. Ciproflaxin resistance is defined by Chen et al. (30) as an MIC >4 μg/mL.
†MIC is 4 μg/mL for trimethoprim and 76 μg/mL for sulfamethoxazole.
