Emerging Infectious Disease ISSN: 1080-6059

Influenza A (H5N1) Viruses from Pigs, Indonesia

Chairul A. Nidom, Ryo Takano, Shinya Yamada, Yuko Sakai-Tagawa, Syafril Daulay, Didi Aswadi, Takashi Suzuki, Yasuo Suzuki, Kyoko Shinya, Kiyoko Iwatsuki-Horimoto, Yukiko Muramoto, and Yoshihiro Kawaoka

Author affiliations: Author affiliations: Airlangga University, Surabaya, East Java, Indonesia (C.A. Nidom); University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan (R. Takano, S. Yamada, Y. Sakai-Tagawa, K. Iwatsuki-Horimoto, Y. Muramoto, Y. Kawaoka); Ministry of Agriculture, Jakarta, Indonesia (S. Daulay); Agriculture and Livestock Agency, Tangerang, Indonesia (D. Aswadi); University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka City, Japan (T. Suzuki, Y. Suzuki); Chubu University, Kasugai City, Japan (Y. Suzuki); Kobe University, Kobe, Japan (K. Shinya, Y. Kawaoka); University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, USA (Y. Kawaoka)

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Figure 2

Phylogenetic relationships among the A) hemagglutinin (HA) and B) neuraminidase (NA) genes of influenza A (H5N1) viruses isolated in Indonesia. The numbers below or above the branch nodes indicate neighbor-joining bootstrap values. Analysis was based on nucleotides 281–1675 of the HA gene and 43–1037 of the NA gene. The HA and NA gene trees were rooted to A/goose/Guangdong/1/96 and A/duck/Guangxi/50/2001, respectively. Colors indicate swine viruses (blue) and chicken viruses (red) most closely r

Figure 2. Phylogenetic relationships among the A) hemagglutinin (HA) and B) neuraminidase (NA) genes of influenza A (H5N1) viruses isolated in Indonesia. The numbers below or above the branch nodes indicate neighbor-joining bootstrap values. Analysis was based on nucleotides 281–1675 of the HA gene and 43–1037 of the NA gene. The HA and NA gene trees were rooted to A/goose/Guangdong/1/96 and A/duck/Guangxi/50/2001, respectively. Colors indicate swine viruses (blue) and chicken viruses (red) most closely related to swine viruses. Scale bars indicate 0.01 nt substitutions per site. Ck, chicken; Dk, duck; Fl, feline; Gd, Guangdong; Gs, goose; Gx, Guangxi; HK, Hong Kong; IDN, Indonesia; ST, Shantou; Sw, swine; Tk, turkey; Qa, quail.

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