Emerging Infectious Disease ISSN: 1080-6059

Human Parvovirus 4 in Nasal and Fecal Specimens from Children, Ghana

Jan Felix Drexler, Ulrike Reber, Doreen Muth, Petra Herzog, Augustina Annan, Fabian Ebach, Nimarko Sarpong, Samuel Acquah, Julia Adlkofer, Yaw Adu-Sarkodie, Marcus Panning, Egbert Tannich, Jürgen May, Christian Drosten, and Anna Maria Eis-Hübinger

Author affiliations: University of Bonn Medical Centre, Bonn, Germany (J.F. Drexler, U. Reber, D. Muth, A. Annan, F. Ebach, C. Drosten, A.M. Eis-Hübinger); Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany (P. Herzog, J. Adlkofer, E. Tannich, J. May); Kumasi Centre for Collaborative Research in Tropical Medicine, Kumasi, Ghana (A. Annan, N. Sarpong, S. Acquah); Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi (Y. Adu-Sarkodie); and Freiburg University Medical Center, Freiburg, Germany (M. Panning)

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Figure 1

Parvovirus 4 DNA loads in virus-positive nasal and fecal specimens from children, Ghana. Virus concentrations are given on a log scale on the y-axis. Each dot represents 1 specimen. Horizontal lines represent median values for each sample type. For calculation of statistical significance of the difference in viral quantities between sample types, the Mann-Whitney U test was used. Virus quantities in nasal swabs and feces are given for sample suspensions (nasal swabs in 1.5 mL of stabilizing reag

Figure 1. . . Parvovirus 4 DNA loads in virus-positive nasal and fecal specimens from children, Ghana. Virus concentrations are given on a log scale on the y-axis. Each dot represents 1 specimen. Horizontal lines represent median values for each sample type. For calculation of statistical significance of the difference in viral quantities between sample types, the Mann-Whitney U test was used. Virus quantities in nasal swabs and feces are given for sample suspensions (nasal swabs in 1.5 mL of stabilizing reagent and feces in a 10% suspension in phosphate-buffered saline).

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