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Volume 19, Number 3—March 2013
Research

Treatment Outcomes for Extensively Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis and HIV Co-infection

Max R. O’DonnellComments to Author , Nesri Padayatchi, Charlotte Kvasnovsky, Lise Werner, Iqbal Master, and C. Robert Horsburgh
Author affiliations: Author affiliations: Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA (M.R. O’Donnell); Centre for AIDS Programme of Research in South Africa, Durban, South Africa (M.R. O’Donnell, N. Padayatchi, L. Werner); University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA (C. Kvasnovsky); King George V Hospital, Sydenham, South Africa (I. Master); Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA (C.R. Horsburgh, Jr.); Boston University School of Medicine, Boston (C.R. Horsburgh, Jr.)

Main Article

Table 4

Predictors of 36 deaths at 24 months of treatment for 82 HIV-positive XDR TB patients, KwaZulu-Natal Province, South Africa*

Predictor No. died/total (%) Univariate analysis
 Multivariate analysis†
Hazard ratio (95% CI) p value Hazard ratio (95% CI) p value
Sex
F 26/52 (50.0) 1.55 (0.75–3.21) 0.2405 1.82 (0.83–4.01) 0.1349
M
 10/30 (33.3)
 1.0 (referent)
 NA
1.0 (referent)
 NA
Age, y
<36 20/45 (44.4) 1.05 (0.55–2.03) 0.8765 NA NA
>36
 16/37 (43.2)
 1.0 (referent)
 NA
NA
 NA
Previous TB treatment‡
Yes 29/66 (43.9) 1.68 (0.51–5.52) 0.3913 1.70 (0.51–5.65) 0.3865
No 3/12 (25.0) 1.0 (referent) NA 1.0 (referent) NA
Unknown
 4/4 (100.0)
 NA
 NA
NA
 NA
Initial sputum smear result
Positive 22/48 (45.8) 1.03 (0.53–2.01) 0.9354 NA NA
Negative
 14/34 (41.2)
 1.0 (referent)
 NA
NA
 NA
Initial CD4 cell count/mm3
<200 13/29 (44.8) 1.02 (0.52–2.02) 0.9495 NA NA
>200
 23/53 (43.4)
 1.0 (referent)
 NA
NA
 NA
Receiving ART
Yes 18/50 (36.0) 0.54 (0.28–1.03) 0.0633 0.46 (0.22–0.94) 0.0333
No
 18/32 (56.3)
 1.0 (referent)
 NA
1.0 (referent)
 NA
Adverse event
Yes 18/35 (51.4) 1.43 (0.74–2.76) 0.2832 1.89 (0.92–3.86) 0.0812
No 18/47 (38.3) 1.0 (referent) NA 1.0 (referent) NA

*XDR TB, extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis; NA, not applicable; ART, antiretroviral therapy.
†Significant variables or variables that caused >10% change in the bivariate hazard ratio were included in the multivariate model.
‡Patients whose previous TB treatment history was unknown were excluded from analyses.

Main Article

Page created: March 21, 2013
Page updated: March 21, 2013
Page reviewed: March 21, 2013
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