Volume 21, Number 12—December 2015
Dispatch
Sindbis and Middelburg Old World Alphaviruses Associated with Neurologic Disease in Horses, South Africa
Table 1
Prevalence of neurologic and febrile cases of MIDV and SINV infections in horses, South Africa, 2008–2013*
Alphavirus results | 2008 | 2009 | 2010 | 2011 | 2012 | 2013 | Total |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
MIDV | |||||||
Specimens, no. | 76 | 50 | 137 | 166 | 107 | 100 | 636 (100) |
PCR+, no. (% of total specimens) | 0 | 1 (2) | 10 (7) | 26 (16) | 4 (4) | 3 (3) | 44 (7) |
Deaths, no. (% of no. PCR+) | NA | 0 | 2 (50) | 7 (27) | 3 (75) | 0 | 12 (27) |
Detected in CNS, no. (% of no. PCR+) | NA | 0 | 0 | 6 (23) | 0 | 0 | 6 (14) |
Neurologic disease, no. (% of no. PCR+) | NA | 1 | 7 (70) | 16 (62) | 4 (100) | 2 (67) | 30 (68) |
Fever only, no. (% of no. PCR+) | NA | 0 | 6 (60) | 5 (19) | 2 (50) | 0 | 13 (30) |
Co-infections, no. and type | NA | 0 | 1 SHUV, 1 EEV | 1 WNV,† 1 EEV, 1 AHSV† | 0 | 0 | 2 EEV, 1 ASHV,† 1 SHUV, 1 WNV† |
SINV | |||||||
Specimens, no. | 76 | 50 | 137 | 166 | 107 | 100 | 636 |
SINV+, no. (% of total specimens) | 2 (3) | 4 (8) | 0 | 0 | 1 (1) | 1 (1) | 8 (1) |
Deaths, no. (% of no.+) | 0 (0) | 2† (50) | NA | NA | 1 (100) | 0 | 3 (38) |
Detected in CNS, no. (% of no.+) | – | 2 (50) | NA | NA | 0 | NA | |
Neurologic disease, no. (% of no.+) | 1 (50) | 2 (50) | NA | NA | 1 (100) | 0 | 4 (50) |
Fever only, no. (% of no.+) | 1 (50) | 2 (50) | NA | NA | 0 | 1 (100) | 4 (50) |
Co-infections, no. and type | 1 EEV, 1 AHSV | 2 WNV† | NA | NA | 0 | 0 | 1 EEV, 1 AHSV, 2 WNV† |
*AHSV, African horse sickness virus; CNS, central nervous system sample; EEV, equine encephalosis virus; MIDV, Middelburg virus; NA, not applicable; SHUV, Shunivirus; SINV, Sindbis virus; WNV, West Nile virus; –, undetectable in central nervous system sample; +, positive.
†Fatal cases with co-infections.
Page created: November 17, 2015
Page updated: November 17, 2015
Page reviewed: November 17, 2015
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