Table 4

Susceptibility of Carrion Crows to Experimental Infection with Lineage 1 and 2 West Nile Viruses

Stephanie M. Lim, Aaron C. Brault, Geert van Amerongen, Angela M. Bosco-Lauth, Hannah Romo, Varsha D. Sewbalaksing, Richard A. Bowen, Albert D.M.E. Osterhaus, Penelope Koraka¹, and Byron E.E. Martina¹

Author affiliations: Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands (S.M. Lim, G. van Amerongen, V.D. Sewbalaksing, A.D.M.E. Osterhaus, P. Koraka, B.E.E. Martina); Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA (A.C. Brault, A.M. Bosco-Lauth, H. Romo); Colorado State University, Fort Collins (R.A. Bowen); Artemis One Health Research Institute, Utrecht, the Netherlands (A.D.M.E. Osterhaus, P. Koraka, B.E.E. Martina)

Main Article

Immunohistochemical analysis of West Nile virus antigen distribution in experimentally infected carrion crows euthanized at 4 dpi*

Virus strain, bird no.	Heart	Liver	Spleen	Kidney	Bone marrow	Brain	Total score per bird	Average score per virus strain	No. positive organs/total no. organs
NY99-4132								9.0
1	−	++	++	+	++	−	11.0		4/6
7	−	+	+	+/−	+	−	7.0		4/6
Nea Santa-Greece-2010								12.5
1	+/−	++	++	+	++	+/−	13.0		6/6
7	+/−	++	++	+	++	−	12.0		5/6
Italy/2009/FIN								0
1	−	−	−	−	−	−	0		0/6
7	−	−	−	−	−	−	0		0/6
Ita09								8.0
1	+/−	++	++	+/−	+	−	10.0		5/6
7	−	++	ND	+/−	+	−	6.0		3/5
578/10								12.5
1	++	++	++	+/−	++	−	13.0		5/6
7	+/−	++	++	+	++	−	12.0		5/6
Score per organ	7.0	23.0	20.0	12.0	21.0	1.0
No. positive birds/total no. birds	5/10	8/10	7/9	8/10	8/10	1/10
*Subjective determinations of the amount of antigen in each organ were made: negative (−), minimal (+/−), moderate (+), or abundant (++). Each determination was given a score from 0 to 3: negative (0), minimal (1), moderate (2), and abundant (3). ND = not determined. dpi, days postinoculation; ND, not determined.

Main Article

¹These authors contributed equally to this article.

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Page updated: July 14, 2015

Page reviewed: July 14, 2015

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