Skip directly to site content Skip directly to page options Skip directly to A-Z link Skip directly to A-Z link Skip directly to A-Z link
Volume 22, Number 11—November 2016
Dispatch

Nasopharyngeal Pneumococcal Density and Evolution of Acute Respiratory Illnesses in Young Children, Peru, 2009–2011

Roger R. Fan, Leigh M. Howard, Marie R. Griffin, Kathryn M. Edwards, Yuwei Zhu, John V. Williams, Jorge E. Vidal, Keith P. Klugman, Ana I. Gil, Claudio F. Lanata, and Carlos G. GrijalvaComments to Author 
Author affiliations: Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA (R.R. Fan, L.M. Howard, M.R. Griffin, K.M. Edwards, Y. Zhu, C.F. Lanata, C.G. Grijalva); University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA (J.V. Williams); Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA (J.E. Vidal, K.P. Klugman); Instituto de Investigacion Nutricional, Lima, Peru (A.I. Gil, C.F. Lanata)

Main Article

Table

Demographic characteristics for children from whom nasopharyngeal swab samples were collected during different periods surrounding ARIs, Peru, 2009–2011*

Characteristic Period of sample collection
 Total, 
N = 3,579
Non-ARI, n = 2,173 Pre-ARI
 Current ARI, n = 450 Post-ARI
8–14 days, n = 211 1–7 days, n = 222 1–7 days, n = 332 8–14 days, n = 191
No. children†
 765
 186
 189
 320
 262
 172
 833
Demographics
Median age, y, at sample collection 1.45 1.36 1.37 1.23 1.25 1.37 1.39
Male 50.5 56.4 52.3 52.9 49.4 48.2 51.1
Attend daycare equivalent
 7.8
 7.1
 8.6
 4.2
 6.6
 5.2
 7.1
Patient’s home
Traditional stoves for cooking 63.1 73.5 63.5 61.1 68.7 62.8 64.0
Running water 24.7 17.5 17.6 24.0 18.7 27.2 23.3
Sewer or septic tank 21.1 18.5 18.5 20.4 22.3 22.5 20.9
Electricity
 42.3
 34.6
 37.4
 38.7
 40.7
 41.9
 40.9
Season and year at sample collection
Fall 2009 4.4 8.1 6.8 9.8 6.0 6.8 5.7
Winter 2009 19.3 25.1 27.5 30.0 23.2 25.7 22.2
Spring 2009 23.0 19.0 17.1 19.3 23.2 19.9 21.8
Fall 2011 24.6 25.1 24.3 21.6 22.6 25.1 24.1
Winter 2011
 28.7
 22.8
 24.3
 19.3
 25.0
 22.5
 26.2
Altitude, m, of residence
1,976–2,321, quartile 1 25.4 26.5 23.9 23.8 24.7 26.7 25.1
2,322–2,644, quartile 2 25.1 23.2 24.3 23.8 25.6 26.7 24.9
2,645–2,861, quartile 3 24.6 19.9 25.7 29.3 24.7 25.7 25.0
2,862–3,803, quartile 4
 24.9
 30.3
 26.1
 23.1
 25.0
 20.9
 24.9
*Data are %, except for no. children. ARIs, acute respiratory illnesses; non-ARI, a period outside the pre-ARI, current ARI, and post-ARI periods.
†No. children who contributed samples during each period.

Main Article

Page created: October 19, 2016
Page updated: October 19, 2016
Page reviewed: October 19, 2016
The conclusions, findings, and opinions expressed by authors contributing to this journal do not necessarily reflect the official position of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, the Public Health Service, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, or the authors' affiliated institutions. Use of trade names is for identification only and does not imply endorsement by any of the groups named above.
file_external