Volume 3, Number 4—December 1997
THEME ISSUE
Foodborne
Factors that Influence the Emergence or Reemergence and Dissemination of Microbial Foodborne Pathogens and Human Disease
Produce Handling and Processing Practices
Larry R. Beuchat
and Jee-Hoon Ryu
and Jee-Hoon RyuTable
Sources of pathogenic microorganisms on fresh fruits vegetables*
| Preharvest |
| Feces |
| Soil |
| Irrigation water |
| Water used to apply fungicides, insecticides |
| Green or inadequately composted manure |
| Air (dust) |
| Wild and domestic animals (including fowl and reptiles) |
| Insects |
| Human handling |
| Postharvest |
| Feces |
| Human handling (workers, consumers) |
| Harvesting equipment |
| Transport containers (field to packing shed) |
| Wild and domestic animals (including fowl and reptiles) |
| Insects |
| Air (dust) |
| Wash and rinse water |
| Sorting, packing, cutting, and further processing equipment |
| Ice |
| Transport vehicles |
| Improper storage (temperature, physical environment) |
| Improper packaging (including new packaging technologies) |
| Cross-contamination (order foods in storage, preparation, and display areas) |
| Improper display temperature |
| Improper handling after wholesale or retail purchase |
*Adapted from Beuchat
